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Experimental Investigation of Compression Ignition Engine Combustion, Performance, and Emission Characteristics of Ternary Blends with Higher Alcohols (1-Heptanol and n -Octanol)

Author

Listed:
  • Ganesha Thippeshnaik

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Post Graduate Studies, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Mysuru 570029, India)

  • Sajjal Basanna Prakash

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Post Graduate Studies, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Mysuru 570029, India)

  • Ajith Bintravalli Suresh

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Mangalore 575007, India)

  • Manjunath Patel Gowdru Chandrashekarappa

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, PES Institute of Technology and Management, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Shivamogga 577204, India)

  • Olusegun David Samuel

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun P.M.B 1221, Nigeria
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Africa, Science Campus, Roodepoort, Johannesburg 1709, South Africa)

  • Oguzhan Der

    (Department of Marine Vehicles Management Engineering, Faculty of Maritime, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200 Bandırma, Turkey)

  • Ali Ercetin

    (Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Maritime Faculty, Bandırma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200 Bandırma, Turkey)

Abstract

Concerns about the depletion of petroleum reserves and rising pollution led researchers to search for alternate and environmentally compatible fuels for compression ignition engines. As an excellent alternative fuel additive to biodiesel–diesel blends, higher alcohol exhibits outstanding fuel properties (such as high energy content and cetane number) and can operate in diesel engines without requiring engine changes. This study focuses on investigating the ternary blends comprising higher alcohols, namely 1-heptanol and n -octanol, in hybrid biodiesel (animal fat oil–rice bran oil–cottonseed oil) and diesel on compression ignition engine characteristics. The performance, combustion, and emissions of a diesel engine fuelled with mono (D100), binary (B20), and ternary fuel blends (B20H10, B20H20, B20O10, and B20O20) were analysed at a constant engine speed of 1500 rpm. The test fuels met the American Society for Testing and Materials standards for fuel properties and exhibited stable behaviour during testing. Experimental results showed that at 100% load, the least brake-specific fuel consumptions for diesel fuel, B20, B20H10, B20H20, B20O10, and B20O20 were 254.1 g/kWh, 302.14 g/kWh, 281.25 g/kWh, 310.94 g/kWh, 292.8 g/kWh, and 313.80 g/kWh, respectively. Meanwhile, the maximum brake thermal efficiency values were obtained as 38.65%, 37.01%, 37.76%, 36.84%, 37.12%, and 36.38%, respectively. At 100% load, the peak heat release rates for diesel, B20, B20H10, B20H20, B20O10, and B20O20 were found to be 64.65 J/deg, 59.07 J/deg, 62.34 J/deg, 56.12 J/deg, 57.95 J/deg, and 51.9 J/deg, respectively. The addition of 1-heptanol and n -octanol as oxygenated additives into the ternary blend resulted in decreased carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon emissions while increasing carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions compared to diesel fuel. Overall, the study concludes that ternary blends with 1-heptanol and n -octanol as additives improve performance and combustion behaviour and reduce exhaust emissions compared to binary blends.

Suggested Citation

  • Ganesha Thippeshnaik & Sajjal Basanna Prakash & Ajith Bintravalli Suresh & Manjunath Patel Gowdru Chandrashekarappa & Olusegun David Samuel & Oguzhan Der & Ali Ercetin, 2023. "Experimental Investigation of Compression Ignition Engine Combustion, Performance, and Emission Characteristics of Ternary Blends with Higher Alcohols (1-Heptanol and n -Octanol)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-25, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:18:p:6582-:d:1238659
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    1. Mustafa Kemal Balki, 2024. "Determination of Optimum Operating Parameters in a Non-Road Diesel Engine Fueled with 1-Heptanol/Biodiesel at Different Injection Pressures and Advances," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-15, March.

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