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Safeguarding Biodiversity and Promoting Sustainable Development: Assessing the Energy–Water Nexus of San Andrés Island, Colombia

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  • Daniella Rodríguez-Urrego

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Camino San Francisco de Paula S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain)

  • Benjamín González-Díaz

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Camino San Francisco de Paula S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain)

  • Leonardo Rodríguez-Urrego

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Camino San Francisco de Paula S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
    Indevos Research Group, Universidad EAN, Carrera 11 78-47, Bogotá 110221, Colombia)

  • Oscar García-Afonso

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Camino San Francisco de Paula S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain)

  • Ricardo Guerrero-Lemus

    (Departamento de Física, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain)

Abstract

This article provides an extensive examination of the interconnectedness between energy and water in island regions, particularly those heavily reliant on tourism, as exemplified by the present case. This study explores the present state and trends of research in this field with the objective of attaining a sustainable system in future scenarios. Specifically, this analysis delves into the water–energy–CO 2 nexus of the Colombian island of San Andrés. Currently, there is no energy generation from the water sector, with 76.18% of water consumption directed towards the cooling of thermal power plants and a mere 1.54% of the energy employed for water extraction, desalination, and purification. In 2019, the island’s total energy consumption reached 138 ktoe (kilotons of oil equivalent), and renewable energies have yet to contribute to the system. These findings emphasize the necessity for the island to implement measures that will bolster its sustainability, self-sufficiency, and resilience. This entails mitigating and managing the intensity of resource consumption, particularly in areas experiencing economic growth. According to the Sankey diagram obtained, some political implications and recommendations have been listed.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniella Rodríguez-Urrego & Benjamín González-Díaz & Leonardo Rodríguez-Urrego & Oscar García-Afonso & Ricardo Guerrero-Lemus, 2023. "Safeguarding Biodiversity and Promoting Sustainable Development: Assessing the Energy–Water Nexus of San Andrés Island, Colombia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-17, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:14:p:5448-:d:1196378
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mehrjerdi, Hasan, 2020. "Modeling and optimization of an island water-energy nexus powered by a hybrid solar-wind renewable system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    2. Li, Ruishi & Zhao, Rongqin & Xie, Zhixiang & Xiao, Liangang & Chuai, Xiaowei & Feng, Mengyu & Zhang, Huifang & Luo, Huili, 2022. "Water–energy–carbon nexus at campus scale: Case of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
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