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Effects of Ramp Rate Limit on Sizing of Energy Storage Systems for PV, Wind and PV–Wind Power Plants

Author

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  • Micke Talvi

    (Electrical Engineering Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland)

  • Tomi Roinila

    (Electrical Engineering Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland)

  • Kari Lappalainen

    (Electrical Engineering Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland)

Abstract

As the share of highly variable photovoltaic (PV) and wind power production increases, there is a growing need to smooth their fast power fluctuations. Some countries have set power ramp rate (RR) limits that the output powers of power plants may not exceed. In this study, the effects of RR limit on the sizing of energy storage systems (ESS) for PV, wind, and PV–wind power plants are examined. These effects have been studied prior for PV power plants. However, for the wind and PV–wind power plants, the effects of the RR limit are studied comprehensively for the first time. In addition, the effects of the size of the power plant are considered. The study is based on climatic measurements carried out with a sampling frequency of 10 Hz for a period of 153 days. The modeling of the PV and wind powers and the simulation of the RR-based control algorithm of the ESS were completed using MATLAB. The results show that as the applied RR limit increased from 1%/min to 20%/min, the required relative energy capacities of the ESSs of the PV, wind, and PV–wind power plants decreased roughly 88%, 89%, and 89%, respectively. The required relative power capacities of the ESSs of the PV, wind, and PV–wind power plants decreased roughly 15%, 12%, and 20%, respectively. The utilization of the ESSs was found to decrease as the applied RR limit increased and as the size of the power plant grew.

Suggested Citation

  • Micke Talvi & Tomi Roinila & Kari Lappalainen, 2023. "Effects of Ramp Rate Limit on Sizing of Energy Storage Systems for PV, Wind and PV–Wind Power Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-18, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:11:p:4313-:d:1155082
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lappalainen, Kari & Valkealahti, Seppo, 2022. "Sizing of energy storage systems for ramp rate control of photovoltaic strings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 1366-1375.
    2. Abdullah Al-Shereiqi & Amer Al-Hinai & Mohammed Albadi & Rashid Al-Abri, 2021. "Optimal Sizing of Hybrid Wind-Solar Power Systems to Suppress Output Fluctuation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-16, August.
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    4. Lappalainen, Kari & Valkealahti, Seppo, 2021. "Experimental study of the maximum power point characteristics of partially shaded photovoltaic strings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    5. Sang Heon Chae & Chul Uoong Kang & Eel-Hwan Kim, 2020. "Field Test of Wind Power Output Fluctuation Control Using an Energy Storage System on Jeju Island," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-16, November.
    6. Headley, Alexander J. & Copp, David A., 2020. "Energy storage sizing for grid compatibility of intermittent renewable resources: A California case study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
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