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Substation Placement for Electric Road Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Niklas Jakobsson

    (Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Energy Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Elias Hartvigsson

    (Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Energy Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Maria Taljegard

    (Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Energy Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Filip Johnsson

    (Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Energy Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden)

Abstract

One option to avoid range issues for electrified heavy vehicles, and the large individual batteries for each such vehicle, is to construct electric road systems (ERS), where vehicles are supplied with electricity while driving. In this article, a model has been developed that calculates the cost for supplying an ERS with electricity from a regional grid to a road in the form of cables and substations, considering the power demand profile for heavy transport. The modeling accounts for electric losses and voltage drop in cables and transformers. We have used the model to exhaustively compute and compared the cost of different combinations of substation sizes and locations along the road, using a European highway in West Sweden as a case study. Our results show that the costs for building an electricity distribution system for an ERS vary only to a minor extent with the location of substations (10% difference between the cheapest cost and the average cost of all configurations). Furthermore, we have varied the peak and average power demand profile for the investigated highway to investigate the impact of a specific demand profile on the results. The results from this variation show that the sum of the peak power demand is the most important factor in system cost. Specifically, a 30% change in the peak power demand for the road has a significant impact on the electricity supply system cost. A reduction in the geographical variation of power demand along the road has no significant impact on the electricity distribution system cost as long as the aggregated peak power demand for all road segments is held constant. The results of the work are relevant as input to future work on comparing the cost–benefit of ERS with other alternatives when reducing CO 2 from road traffic—in particular from heavy road traffic.

Suggested Citation

  • Niklas Jakobsson & Elias Hartvigsson & Maria Taljegard & Filip Johnsson, 2023. "Substation Placement for Electric Road Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-19, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:10:p:4217-:d:1151683
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Taljegard, M. & Göransson, L. & Odenberger, M. & Johnsson, F., 2017. "Spacial and dynamic energy demand of the E39 highway – Implications on electrification options," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 681-692.
    2. Plötz, Patrick & Gnann, Till & Jochem, Patrick & Yilmaz, Hasan Ümitcan & Kaschub, Thomas, 2019. "Impact of electric trucks powered by overhead lines on the European electricity system and CO2 emissions," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 32-40.
    3. Hasan Huseyin Coban & Aysha Rehman & Abdullah Mohamed, 2022. "Analyzing the Societal Cost of Electric Roads Compared to Batteries and Oil for All Forms of Road Transport," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-20, March.
    4. Jesko Schulte & Henrik Ny, 2018. "Electric Road Systems: Strategic Stepping Stone on the Way towards Sustainable Freight Transport?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-16, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Cristian Giovanni Colombo & Fabio Borghetti & Michela Longo & Federica Foiadelli, 2023. "Electrification of Motorway Network: A Methodological Approach to Define Location of Charging Infrastructure for EV," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-21, November.
    2. Bakker, J. & Lopez Alvarez, J.A. & Buijs, P., 2024. "A network design perspective on the adoption potential of electric road systems in early development stages," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 361(C).

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