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Case Study of Single-Controllable Microgrid: A Practical Implementation

Author

Listed:
  • Geovane L. Reis

    (Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
    Institute of Technological Sciences (ICT), Campus of Itabira, Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI), Itabira 35903-087, Brazil)

  • Danilo I. Brandao

    (Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil)

  • João H. Oliveira

    (Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil)

  • Lucas S. Araujo

    (Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil)

  • Braz J. Cardoso Filho

    (Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil)

Abstract

This paper presents the implementation of a single-controllable microgrid in the engineering school of the Federal University of Minas Gerais using commercial devices. Such a microgrid exchanges controllable active and reactive power terms with the upstream grid, proportionally shares active/reactive power among the battery-based DERs and endows the microgrid with the capability of operating in both grid-connected and islanded modes. The energy storage system is composed of three different battery technologies: lead-acid, lithium-ion and sodium–nickel, which are coordinately controlled according to their inherent features. A usable average energy control is proposed to avoid mismatches between the batteries’ states of charge. The single-controllable microgrid performs the following services: self-consumption, energy time shift, peak-shaving and reactive power support to the upstream grid. The coordinated secondary control and the operating modes of the microgrid were validated by means of full-scale experimental results using commercial devices. The lithium-ion battery showed the best performance in terms of round-trip efficiency, 93% over 85% (lead-acid) and 81% (sodium–nickel). The results demonstrated the microgrid’s capability of delivering ancillary services at the connection with the upstream grid, and proportionally exploiting the dispersed battery banks. In addition, the challenges of practical implementation were analyzed.

Suggested Citation

  • Geovane L. Reis & Danilo I. Brandao & João H. Oliveira & Lucas S. Araujo & Braz J. Cardoso Filho, 2022. "Case Study of Single-Controllable Microgrid: A Practical Implementation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-22, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:17:p:6400-:d:904289
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Luisa Fernanda Escobar-Orozco & Eduardo Gómez-Luna & Eduardo Marlés-Sáenz, 2023. "Identification and Analysis of Technical Impacts in the Electric Power System Due to the Integration of Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-29, September.
    3. Angelos Patsidis & Adam Dyśko & Campbell Booth & Anastasios Oulis Rousis & Polyxeni Kalliga & Dimitrios Tzelepis, 2023. "Digital Architecture for Monitoring and Operational Analytics of Multi-Vector Microgrids Utilizing Cloud Computing, Advanced Virtualization Techniques, and Data Analytics Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-19, August.

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