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Power System Oscillations with Different Prevalence of Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Converters

Author

Listed:
  • Rossano Musca

    (Engineering Department, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Technology and Cybernetics, University of South-Eastern Norway, 3918 Porsgrunn, Norway)

  • Cesar A. Gallego Sánchez

    (Consulting Engineering Gallego, Bogotá 110111, Colombia)

Abstract

The oscillatory behaviour of the power system is an aspect that is significantly affected by the increasing integration of converter-based generation sources. Several works address the impact of non-synchronous generation on the operation of the system from different points of view, but only a few studies focus on power-frequency oscillations with a prevalence of generation sources interfaced through power electronics. A lack of research can be found in particular in the comparative analysis of the two main control strategies for power converters, namely grid-following and grid-forming. The article aims to contribute to this direction, starting from a theoretical analysis of the two control structures and then examining the case study of an existing transmission system. The research provides a specific insight into the fundamental aspects related to synchronisation mechanism and inertial capabilities of both grid-following with synthetic inertia and grid-forming controls. The difference in the relationship between synchronisation unit and inertial capability is recognised as the fundamental aspect determining the different impacts on the oscillatory characteristics of the system. The observation derived in the theoretical analysis is then applied to an actual power system with a high predominance of converter-based generation, considering the Colombian interconnected national system as a case study.

Suggested Citation

  • Rossano Musca & Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt & Cesar A. Gallego Sánchez, 2022. "Power System Oscillations with Different Prevalence of Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Converters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-19, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:12:p:4273-:d:836268
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ali Bidadfar & Oscar Saborío-Romano & Vladislav Akhmatov & Nicolaos A. Cutululis & Poul E. Sørensen, 2019. "Impact of Primary Frequency Control of Offshore HVDC Grids on Interarea Modes of Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-14, October.
    2. Mariano G. Ippolito & Rossano Musca & Gaetano Zizzo, 2021. "Analysis and Simulations of the Primary Frequency Control during a System Split in Continental Europe Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-22, March.
    3. Mariano G. Ippolito & Rossano Musca & Eleonora Riva Sanseverino & Gaetano Zizzo, 2022. "Frequency Dynamics in Fully Non-Synchronous Electrical Grids: A Case Study of an Existing Island," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-24, March.
    4. Pupo-Roncallo, Oscar & Campillo, Javier & Ingham, Derek & Hughes, Kevin & Pourkashanian, Mohammed, 2019. "Large scale integration of renewable energy sources (RES) in the future Colombian energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
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    Cited by:

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    2. Albert Poulose & Soobae Kim, 2023. "Transient Stability Analysis and Enhancement Techniques of Renewable-Rich Power Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-30, March.
    3. Ordono, Ander & Sanchez-Ruiz, Alain & Zubiaga, Markel & Asensio, Francisco Javier & Cortajarena, Jose Antonio, 2024. "Current limiting strategies for grid forming inverters under low voltage ride through," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
    4. Zheng Xu & Nan Zhang & Zheren Zhang & Ying Huang, 2023. "The Definition of Power Grid Strength and Its Calculation Methods for Power Systems with High Proportion Nonsynchronous-Machine Sources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-23, February.

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