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Ensuring Reliable Operation of Electricity Grid by Placement of FACTS Devices for Developing Countries

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  • Atif Naveed Khan

    (US-Pakistan Centre for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Kashif Imran

    (US-Pakistan Centre for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Nadeem

    (US-Pakistan Centre for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Anamitra Pal

    (School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA)

  • Abraiz Khattak

    (US-Pakistan Centre for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Kafait Ullah

    (US-Pakistan Centre for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Waseem Younas

    (Transmission Planning Department, National Transmission and Dispatch Company (NTDC), Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Shahzad Younis

    (School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

Abstract

Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) are essential devices used for the efficient performance of modern power systems and many developing countries lack these devices. Due to the non-existence of these advanced technologies, the national grid remains weak and vulnerable to power stability issues that can jeopardize system stability. This study proposes novel research to solve issues of an evolving national grid through the installation of FACTS devices. FACTS devices play a crucial role in minimizing active power losses while managing reactive power flows to keep the voltages within their respective limits. Due to the high costs of FACTS, optimization must be done to discover optimal locations as well as ratings of these devices. However, due to the nonlinearity, it is a challenging task to find the optimal locations and appropriate sizes of these devices. Shunt VARs Compensators (SVCs) and Thyristor-Controlled Series Compensators (TCSCs) are the two FACTS devices considered for the study. Optimal locations for SVCs and TCSCs are determined by Voltage Collapse Proximity Index (VCPI) and Line Stability Index ( L mn ), respectively. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is employed to find the ideal rating for FACTS devices to minimize the system operating cost (cost due to active power loss and capital cost of FACTS devices). This technique is applied to IEEE (14 and 30) bus systems. Moreover, reliable operation of the electricity grid through the placement of FACTS for developing countries has also been analysed; Pakistan being a developing country has been selected as a case study. The planning problem has been solved for the present as well as for the forecasted power system. Consequently, in the current national network, 6.21% and 6.71% reduction in active and reactive power losses have been observed, respectively. Moreover, voltage profiles have been improved significantly. A detailed financial analysis covering the calculation of Operation Cost (OC) of the national grid before and after the placement of FACTS devices is carried out.

Suggested Citation

  • Atif Naveed Khan & Kashif Imran & Muhammad Nadeem & Anamitra Pal & Abraiz Khattak & Kafait Ullah & Muhammad Waseem Younas & Muhammad Shahzad Younis, 2021. "Ensuring Reliable Operation of Electricity Grid by Placement of FACTS Devices for Developing Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-21, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:8:p:2283-:d:538780
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Sohrab Mirsaeidi & Subash Devkota & Xiaojun Wang & Dimitrios Tzelepis & Ghulam Abbas & Ahmed Alshahir & Jinghan He, 2022. "A Review on Optimization Objectives for Power System Operation Improvement Using FACTS Devices," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-24, December.
    2. Mohsen Khalili & Touhid Poursheykh Aliasghari & Ebrahim Seifi Najmi & Almoataz Y. Abdelaziz & A. Abu-Siada & Saber Arabi Nowdeh, 2022. "Optimal Allocation of Distributed Thyristor Controlled Series Compensators in Power System Considering Overload, Voltage, and Losses with Reliability Effect," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-25, October.
    3. Huthaifa A. Al_Issa & Marcin Drechny & Issam Trrad & Mohamed Qawaqzeh & Vladislav Kuchanskyy & Olena Rubanenko & Stepan Kudria & Petro Vasko & Oleksandr Miroshnyk & Taras Shchur, 2022. "Assessment of the Effect of Corona Discharge on Synchronous Generator Self-Excitation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-21, March.

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