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Subcritical Thermodynamic Cycles with Organic Medium and Isothermal Expansion

Author

Listed:
  • Krzysztof Kosowski

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland)

  • Marian Piwowarski

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland)

Abstract

The efficiencies of the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) are not very high and only very seldom do they exceed 20%. The increase and optimization of initial parameters and certain modifications of the thermodynamic cycle make it possible to overcome these drawbacks. A new modified cycle has been described and analyzed in detail in the paper. Similarly to the Ericsson cycle for gas turbines, isothermal expansion in the turbine is suggested for the power plant with organic media. The new cycle and the typical ORC power plants have the same block diagram. The only difference is that expansion in the proposed cycle occurs not adiabatically but as an isothermal process. The thermodynamic calculations have been carried out for 11 various fluids and 4 different cycles. The obtained results have clearly shown that cycles with isothermal expansion (isothermal turbines) are characterized by remarkably higher efficiency than typical power plants with adiabatic turbines. The increase in efficiency varies from 6 to 12 percent points for cycles with saturated live vapor and from 4 to 7 percent points for cycles with superheated live vapor. The performed analyses have shown that it is possible to achieve a very high efficiency (over 45%) of organic cycle, which is a very competitive value. In such cases the proposed power plants can achieve an efficiency which is higher than that of modern steam turbine plants with supercritical parameters.

Suggested Citation

  • Krzysztof Kosowski & Marian Piwowarski, 2020. "Subcritical Thermodynamic Cycles with Organic Medium and Isothermal Expansion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-12, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:17:p:4340-:d:402449
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dariusz Mikielewicz & Krzysztof Kosowski & Karol Tucki & Marian Piwowarski & Robert Stępień & Olga Orynycz & Wojciech Włodarski, 2019. "Influence of Different Biofuels on the Efficiency of Gas Turbine Cycles for Prosumer and Distributed Energy Power Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-21, August.
    2. Kermani, Maziar & Wallerand, Anna S. & Kantor, Ivan D. & Maréchal, François, 2018. "Generic superstructure synthesis of organic Rankine cycles for waste heat recovery in industrial processes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 1203-1225.
    3. Krzysztof Kosowski & Karol Tucki & Marian Piwowarski & Robert Stępień & Olga Orynycz & Wojciech Włodarski, 2019. "Thermodynamic Cycle Concepts for High-Efficiency Power Plants. Part B: Prosumer and Distributed Power Industry," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-13, May.
    4. Wajs, Jan & Mikielewicz, Dariusz & Jakubowska, Blanka, 2018. "Performance of the domestic micro ORC equipped with the shell-and-tube condenser with minichannels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 853-861.
    5. Dariusz Mikielewicz & Krzysztof Kosowski & Karol Tucki & Marian Piwowarski & Robert Stępień & Olga Orynycz & Wojciech Włodarski, 2019. "Gas Turbine Cycle with External Combustion Chamber for Prosumer and Distributed Energy Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-19, September.
    6. Marian Piwowarski & Krzysztof Kosowski, 2020. "Advanced Turbine Cycles with Organic Media," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-11, March.
    7. Lecompte, Steven & Huisseune, Henk & van den Broek, Martijn & Vanslambrouck, Bruno & De Paepe, Michel, 2015. "Review of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) architectures for waste heat recovery," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 448-461.
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    9. Altun, A.F. & Kilic, M., 2020. "Thermodynamic performance evaluation of a geothermal ORC power plant," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 261-274.
    10. Tchanche, Bertrand F. & Lambrinos, Gr. & Frangoudakis, A. & Papadakis, G., 2011. "Low-grade heat conversion into power using organic Rankine cycles – A review of various applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(8), pages 3963-3979.
    11. Thu, Kyaw & Saha, Bidyut Baran & Chua, Kian Jon & Bui, Thuan Duc, 2016. "Thermodynamic analysis on the part-load performance of a microturbine system for micro/mini-CHP applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 600-608.
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    1. Marian Piwowarski & Krzysztof Kosowski & Marcin Richert, 2023. "Organic Supercritical Thermodynamic Cycles with Isothermal Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-17, June.

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