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Synergistic Effect of Expanded Graphite-Silane Functionalized Silica as a Hybrid Additive in Improving the Thermal Conductivity of Cementitious Grouts with Controllable Water Uptake

Author

Listed:
  • Ilayda Berktas

    (Sabanci University Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center & Composite Technologies Center of Excellence, Teknopark Istanbul, Pendik, Istanbul 34906, Turkey)

  • Ali Nejad Ghafar

    (Department Infrastructure and Concrete Construction, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Patrick Fontana

    (Department Infrastructure and Concrete Construction, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Ayten Caputcu

    (Cimsa Cimento Sanayi A. S., Toroslar Mah. Tekke Cad., Yenitaskent, Mersin 33013, Turkey)

  • Yusuf Menceloglu

    (Sabanci University Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center & Composite Technologies Center of Excellence, Teknopark Istanbul, Pendik, Istanbul 34906, Turkey
    Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orhanli, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey)

  • Burcu Saner Okan

    (Sabanci University Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center & Composite Technologies Center of Excellence, Teknopark Istanbul, Pendik, Istanbul 34906, Turkey)

Abstract

Recently, a growing demand for geothermal applications has led to the exploitation of energy efficiently by developing grouting materials in the borehole between pipes and the ground. Therefore, the current study developed newly formulated cementitious grouts by the integration of expanded graphite (EG)-based hybrid additives synthesized by building chemical bridges between silica particles and EG in the presence of amino functional silane coupling agents. These produced hybrid additives with controlled EG and silica ratios were utilized in grout mixtures used in borehole heat exchangers to enhance the thermal conductivity. According to the optimization study on the formulation development of grout mixtures with bentonite, silica sands, cement, and superplasticizer by adding neat EG and EG-based hybrids, the relationship between the carbon amount and water demand was found to have a significant impact on thermal conductivity. The highest thermal conductivity value of 2.656 W/mK was achieved by the incorporation of 5 wt% hybrid additive with the ratio silica/EG of 1:5 compared to the reference grout, which showed a thermal conductivity of 2.373 W/mK. Therefore, the enhancement in thermal conductivity was dependent on the increase in the EG content and also the additive loading ratio, resulting in a slight increase in the water demand.

Suggested Citation

  • Ilayda Berktas & Ali Nejad Ghafar & Patrick Fontana & Ayten Caputcu & Yusuf Menceloglu & Burcu Saner Okan, 2020. "Synergistic Effect of Expanded Graphite-Silane Functionalized Silica as a Hybrid Additive in Improving the Thermal Conductivity of Cementitious Grouts with Controllable Water Uptake," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-15, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:14:p:3561-:d:382781
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yang, H. & Cui, P. & Fang, Z., 2010. "Vertical-borehole ground-coupled heat pumps: A review of models and systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(1), pages 16-27, January.
    2. Hossein Javadi & Seyed Soheil Mousavi Ajarostaghi & Marc A. Rosen & Mohsen Pourfallah, 2018. "A Comprehensive Review of Backfill Materials and Their Effects on Ground Heat Exchanger Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-22, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Luka Boban & Dino Miše & Stjepan Herceg & Vladimir Soldo, 2021. "Application and Design Aspects of Ground Heat Exchangers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-31, April.
    2. Krzysztof Seńczuk & Aneta Sapińska-Śliwa & Tomasz Kowalski, 2022. "Utilization of Basalt Dust as Waste Material in Cement Grouts for Geothermal Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-30, September.
    3. Tomasz Sliwa & Tomasz Kowalski & Dominik Cekus & Aneta Sapińska-Śliwa, 2021. "Research on Fresh and Hardened Sealing Slurries with the Addition of Magnesium Regarding Thermal Conductivity for Energy Piles and Borehole Heat Exchangers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-13, August.

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