IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v12y2019i17p3274-d260940.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

On the Electrostatic Inertia in Microgrids with Inverter-Based Generation Only—An Analysis on Dynamic Stability

Author

Listed:
  • Mihai Sanduleac

    (Faculty of Power Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Lucian Toma

    (Faculty of Power Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Mircea Eremia

    (Faculty of Power Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Irina Ciornei

    (KIOS Research and Innovation Centre of Excellence, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus)

  • Constantin Bulac

    (Faculty of Power Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Ion Triștiu

    (Faculty of Power Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Andreea Iantoc

    (Faculty of Power Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania)

  • João F. Martins

    (Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, CTS-UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal)

  • Vitor F. Pires

    (Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, INESC-ID Lisboa, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal)

Abstract

Microgrids are about to change the architecture and the operation principles of the future power systems towards smartness and resiliency. Power electronics technologies are key enablers for novel solutions. In this paper we analyze the benefits of a “microgrid by design” architecture (MDA), using a solid-state transformer (SST) as a low-voltage grid-former and inverter-based generation only. In this context, the microgrid stability is maintained with the help of “electrostatic energy inertia” that can be provided by the capacitor connected to the DC busbar behind the SST inverter topology. This happens in a natural way, alike the mechanical inertia in power systems with synchronous machines, however without depending on frequency and without the need of a rotational inertia. This type of microgrid always operates (both fully connected to the main grid or in islanding mode) with all the necessary mechanisms needed to maintain the microgrid stable—no matter of the perturbations in the upstream of the point of common coupling (PCC). In the case of microgrids with inverter-based generation only (including the energy storage systems), there is no mechanical inertia and different stability mechanisms need to be applied compared to the stability principle of the classical power systems. Our proposed mechanism differentiates from the recently proposed stability assessments of microgrids based on virtual synchronous generators from the control theory perspective. This paper is a continuation of our previous work where the MDA was first introduced. The use-cases and scenarios are based on realistic and yet reasonable complexities, by coupling the disturbance magnitude with the voltage stability limit in power grids. The paper finds meaningful disturbances to test the electrostatic energy inertia at the boundaries of grid stability, as guidance to understand the range of voltage variation for extreme conditions. The results show that in microgrids with inverter-based generation only and passive loads (RLC type) the operation is no longer frequency dependent. The energy of the DC busbar capacitor as electrostatic energy inertia of the MDA has a role similar to that of the rotational machines in classical grids in terms of maintaining dynamic stability, however impacting two different types of stability.

Suggested Citation

  • Mihai Sanduleac & Lucian Toma & Mircea Eremia & Irina Ciornei & Constantin Bulac & Ion Triștiu & Andreea Iantoc & João F. Martins & Vitor F. Pires, 2019. "On the Electrostatic Inertia in Microgrids with Inverter-Based Generation Only—An Analysis on Dynamic Stability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-23, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:17:p:3274-:d:260940
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/17/3274/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/17/3274/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hirsch, Adam & Parag, Yael & Guerrero, Josep, 2018. "Microgrids: A review of technologies, key drivers, and outstanding issues," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 402-411.
    2. Mihai Sanduleac & João F. Martins & Irina Ciornei & Mihaela Albu & Lucian Toma & Vitor Fernão Pires & Lenos Hadjidemetriou & Rooktabir Sauba, 2018. "Resilient and Immune by Design Microgrids Using Solid State Transformers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-19, December.
    3. Chang Yuan & Peilin Xie & Dan Yang & Xiangning Xiao, 2018. "Transient Stability Analysis of Islanded AC Microgrids with a Significant Share of Virtual Synchronous Generators," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-19, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Radu Plamanescu & Ana-Maria Dumitrescu & Mihaela Albu & Siddharth Suryanarayanan, 2021. "A Hybrid Hilbert-Huang Method for Monitoring Distorted Time-Varying Waveforms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-16, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Farhat Afzah Samoon & Ikhlaq Hussain & Sheikh Javed Iqbal, 2023. "ILA Optimisation Based Control for Enhancing DC Link Voltage with Seamless and Adaptive VSC Control in a PV-BES Based AC Microgrid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-23, October.
    2. Emrani-Rahaghi, Pouria & Hashemi-Dezaki, Hamed & Ketabi, Abbas, 2023. "Efficient voltage control of low voltage distribution networks using integrated optimized energy management of networked residential multi-energy microgrids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 349(C).
    3. Ray, Manojit & Chakraborty, Basab, 2022. "Impact of demand flexibility and tiered resilience on solar photovoltaic adoption in humanitarian settlements," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 895-912.
    4. Dimitrios Trigkas & Chrysovalantou Ziogou & Spyros Voutetakis & Simira Papadopoulou, 2021. "Virtual Energy Storage in RES-Powered Smart Grids with Nonlinear Model Predictive Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-22, February.
    5. Jihed Hmad & Azeddine Houari & Allal El Moubarek Bouzid & Abdelhakim Saim & Hafedh Trabelsi, 2023. "A Review on Mode Transition Strategies between Grid-Connected and Standalone Operation of Voltage Source Inverters-Based Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-41, June.
    6. Matija Kostelac & Lin Herenčić & Tomislav Capuder, 2022. "Planning and Operational Aspects of Individual and Clustered Multi-Energy Microgrid Options," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-17, February.
    7. Ahmed Y. Hatata & Mohamed A. Essa & Bishoy E. Sedhom, 2022. "Implementation and Design of FREEDM System Differential Protection Method Based on Internet of Things," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-24, August.
    8. Antoine Boche & Clément Foucher & Luiz Fernando Lavado Villa, 2022. "Understanding Microgrid Sustainability: A Systemic and Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-29, April.
    9. Terlouw, Tom & AlSkaif, Tarek & Bauer, Christian & van Sark, Wilfried, 2019. "Optimal energy management in all-electric residential energy systems with heat and electricity storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    10. Soheil Mohseni & Alan C. Brent & Daniel Burmester, 2020. "Community Resilience-Oriented Optimal Micro-Grid Capacity Expansion Planning: The Case of Totarabank Eco-Village, New Zealand," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-29, August.
    11. Zhao, Huiru & Li, Bingkang & Lu, Hao & Wang, Xuejie & Li, Hongze & Guo, Sen & Xue, Wanlei & Wang, Yuwei, 2022. "Economy-environment-energy performance evaluation of CCHP microgrid system: A hybrid multi-criteria decision-making method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    12. Roth, Jonathan & Martin, Amory & Miller, Clayton & Jain, Rishee K., 2020. "SynCity: Using open data to create a synthetic city of hourly building energy estimates by integrating data-driven and physics-based methods," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    13. Hammad Alnuman & Kuo-Hsien Hsia & Mohammadreza Askari Sepestanaki & Emad M. Ahmed & Saleh Mobayen & Ammar Armghan, 2023. "Design of Continuous Finite-Time Controller Based on Adaptive Tuning Approach for Disturbed Boost Converters," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-23, April.
    14. Chenghao Ma & Jiahang Sun & Jingguang Huang & Kaijie Wang, 2023. "Transient Stability Enhancement Strategy for Islanded Microgrids Based on Energy Storage–Virtual Synchronous Machine Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-21, September.
    15. Kinnon, Michael Mac & Razeghi, Ghazal & Samuelsen, Scott, 2021. "The role of fuel cells in port microgrids to support sustainable goods movement," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    16. Giulietti, Monica & Le Coq, Chloé & Willems, Bert & Anaya, Karim, 2019. "Smart Consumers in the Internet of Energy : Flexibility Markets & Services from Distributed Energy Resources," Other publications TiSEM 2edb43b5-bbd6-487d-abdf-7, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    17. Igual, R. & Medrano, C., 2020. "Research challenges in real-time classification of power quality disturbances applicable to microgrids: A systematic review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    18. Tao Wang & Hongshan Li & Huihui Song & Meng Liu & Hongchen Liu, 2022. "The Cluster Method of Heterogeneous Distributed Units in a Low Voltage Distribution Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-11, June.
    19. Rafael Sebastián, 2022. "Improved Operation and Stability of a Wind-Hydro Microgrid by Means of a Li-Ion Battery Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-16, December.
    20. Polleux, Louis & Guerassimoff, Gilles & Marmorat, Jean-Paul & Sandoval-Moreno, John & Schuhler, Thierry, 2022. "An overview of the challenges of solar power integration in isolated industrial microgrids with reliability constraints," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:17:p:3274-:d:260940. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.