Strong Tracking of a H-Infinity Filter in Lithium-Ion Battery State of Charge Estimation

The accuracy of state-of-charge (SOC) estimation, one of the most important functions of a battery management system (BMS), is the basis for the proper operation of an electric vehicle. This study proposes a method for accurate SOC estimation. To achieve a balance between accuracy and simplicity, a second-order resistor–capacitor equivalent circuit model is applied before the algorithm is deduced, and the parameters of the established model are determined using a fitting technique. Battery state space equations are then described. A strong tracking H-infinity filter (STHF) is proposed based on an H-infinity filter (HF) and a strong tracking filter. By introducing a suboptimal fading factor, the STHF approach can use the relevant information in the estimation residual sequence to update the estimation results. To verify the robustness of this approach, battery test experiments are performed at different temperatures on lithium-ion batteries. Finally, the SOC estimation results obtained using the STHF suggest that the STHF method exhibits high robustness against the measured noises and initial error. For comparison, the estimation results of the commonly used extended Kalman filter (EKF) and HF methods are also displayed. It is suggested that the proposed STHF approach obtains a more accurate SOC estimation.