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Ranking of Independent Small-Scale Electricity Generation Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Janis Kramens

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

  • Megija Valtere

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

  • Guntars Krigers

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

  • Vladimirs Kirsanovs

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

  • Dagnija Blumberga

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

Abstract

The EU’s energy targets are to achieve at least 32% renewables in the energy mix by 2030. Part of the solution is strengthening consumer rights by empowering individuals to generate their own electricity. The aim of this study was to identify the most suitable energy system for electricity generation of up to 50 kW in the EU residential sector. Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis was used to compare four systems: proton exchange membrane fuel cell with photovoltaic panels, photovoltaic panels, biomass-powered Stirling engine, and solar-powered Stirling engine. Based on the results, the most beneficial system for household electricity generation is the biomass-fueled Stirling engine system due to its affordability, reliability, and low environmental impact. Governments and businesses can use these findings to improve information for the residential sector and enable the transition to renewable energy.

Suggested Citation

  • Janis Kramens & Megija Valtere & Guntars Krigers & Vladimirs Kirsanovs & Dagnija Blumberga, 2024. "Ranking of Independent Small-Scale Electricity Generation Systems," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jcltec:v:6:y:2024:i:1:p:9-151:d:1332034
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bartolucci, Lorenzo & Cordiner, Stefano & Mulone, Vincenzo & Pasquale, Stefano, 2019. "Fuel cell based hybrid renewable energy systems for off-grid telecom stations: Data analysis and system optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
    2. Martinopoulos, Georgios, 2020. "Are rooftop photovoltaic systems a sustainable solution for Europe? A life cycle impact assessment and cost analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    3. Zhu, Shunmin & Yu, Guoyao & Liang, Kun & Dai, Wei & Luo, Ercang, 2021. "A review of Stirling-engine-based combined heat and power technology," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
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    1. Anna Horzela-Miś & Jakub Semrau & Radosław Wolniak & Wiesław Wes Grebski, 2025. "Energy Transformation in the Construction Industry: Integrating Renewable Energy Sources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-39, May.

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