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Conservation Agricultural Practices Impact on Soil Organic Carbon, Soil Aggregation and Greenhouse Gas Emission in a Vertisol

Author

Listed:
  • Somasundaram Jayaraman

    (ICAR–Indian Institute of Soil Science, Berasia Road, Nabibagh, Bhopal 462038, India)

  • Meenakshi Sahu

    (ICAR–Indian Institute of Soil Science, Berasia Road, Nabibagh, Bhopal 462038, India
    Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Raipur 492012, India)

  • Nishant K. Sinha

    (ICAR–Indian Institute of Soil Science, Berasia Road, Nabibagh, Bhopal 462038, India)

  • Monoranjan Mohanty

    (ICAR–Indian Institute of Soil Science, Berasia Road, Nabibagh, Bhopal 462038, India)

  • Ranjeet S. Chaudhary

    (ICAR–Indian Institute of Soil Science, Berasia Road, Nabibagh, Bhopal 462038, India)

  • Brijesh Yadav

    (ICAR–Directorate of Mushroom Research, Chambaghat, Solan 173213, India)

  • Lalit K. Srivastava

    (Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Raipur 492012, India)

  • Kuntal M. Hati

    (ICAR–Indian Institute of Soil Science, Berasia Road, Nabibagh, Bhopal 462038, India)

  • Ashok K. Patra

    (ICAR–Indian Institute of Soil Science, Berasia Road, Nabibagh, Bhopal 462038, India)

  • Ram C. Dalal

    (School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia)

Abstract

Conservation agriculture (CA), comprising of minimum soil disturbance and crop residue retention (>30%), with a diversified cropping system, has become increasingly popular around the world. It is recognized as a sustainable practice to improve soil health by augmenting key soil properties. However, scanty information exists about the effect of CA practices on soil organic carbon (SOC), aggregation and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in a vertisol. Thus, this study investigated the effect of CA practices on SOC, soil aggregation and GHG emission under soybean-wheat and maize-chickpea cropping systems in a vertisol in Central India. Treatment consisted of three different tillage practices, being conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT), and no tillage (NT) under four cropping systems viz., Soybean–Wheat, Soybean + Pigeon pea (2:1), Maize–Chickpea and Maize + Pigeon pea (1:1). Regardless of cropping system, the soil under NT and RT exhibited better aggregation (20.77 to 25.97% increase), and SOC (12.9 to 19.4% increase) compared to the CT practice in surface layers. The aggregate-associated C concentration increased with aggregate size, and it was highest with large macroaggregates and lowest with silt and clay fractions across different tillage and cropping systems. Higher SOC stock was recorded under NT (4.22 ± 0.133 Mg C/ha) compared to RT (3.84 ± 0.123 Mg C/ha) and CT (3.65 ± 0.04 Mg C/ha) practices at 0 to 5 cm depth. Thus, the adoption of CA practices reduced CO 2 emissions, while also contributing to increases in SOC as well as improvement in soil structure.

Suggested Citation

  • Somasundaram Jayaraman & Meenakshi Sahu & Nishant K. Sinha & Monoranjan Mohanty & Ranjeet S. Chaudhary & Brijesh Yadav & Lalit K. Srivastava & Kuntal M. Hati & Ashok K. Patra & Ram C. Dalal, 2022. "Conservation Agricultural Practices Impact on Soil Organic Carbon, Soil Aggregation and Greenhouse Gas Emission in a Vertisol," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-14, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:7:p:1004-:d:860393
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Haoyue Wu & Hanjiao Huang & Jin Tang & Wenkuan Chen & Yanqiu He, 2019. "Net Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agriculture in China: Estimation, Spatial Correlation and Convergence," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-19, September.
    2. Somasundaram Jayaraman & Yash P. Dang & Anandkumar Naorem & Kathryn L. Page & Ram C. Dalal, 2021. "Conservation Agriculture as a System to Enhance Ecosystem Services," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-14, July.
    3. Stacy M. Zuber & Gevan D. Behnke & Emerson D. Nafziger & Maria B. Villamil, 2018. "Carbon and Nitrogen Content of Soil Organic Matter and Microbial Biomass under Long-Term Crop Rotation and Tillage in Illinois, USA," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-12, March.
    4. Nisar, Shahida & Benbi, Dinesh Kumar & Toor, Amardeep Singh, 2021. "Energy budgeting and carbon footprints of three tillage systems in maize-wheat sequence of north-western Indo-Gangetic Plains," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
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