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Assessment of BMPs by Estimating Hydrologic and Water Quality Outputs Using SWAT in Yazoo River Watershed

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  • Vivek Venishetty

    (Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA)

  • Prem B. Parajuli

    (Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA)

Abstract

Water quality is a global concern; it is due to point and non-point source pollution. Non-point sources for pollution are mainly runoff from Agricultural and forest. To decrease nutrient inputs, management practices are implemented. Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool, water quality parameters can be quantified. Yazoo River Watershed is the largest watershed in Mississippi, which have impact on surface water quality due to large scale agriculture and forest lands. Model has been calibrated and validated for streamflow, sediment, Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP) for the USGS gauge stations in the watershed. Model efficiency was assessed with Coefficient of Determination ( R 2 ) and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency index (NSE). Best Management Practices (BMPs) were implemented throughout the watershed to simulate the impact of BMPs on streamflow, sediment, and nutrient yields. Vegetative Filter Strips (VFS), Riparian Buffer, combination of VFS and Riparian buffer and Cover Crops (CC) were tested for assessing the effective BMP in improving water quality. VFS, Riparian buffer and both (VFS + riparian) have no effect on streamflow, but they were able to decrease sediment, TN, and TP yields. Scenario with both VFS and Riparian buffer had the highest reduction capability as per varying width (5, 10, 15, and 20 m). For CC, Rye grass, Winter Barley and Winter Wheat (WW) were used, of which Rye grass had highest, 5.3% reduction in streamflow. WW has the highest Total Nitrogen reduction that is of 25.4%. CC also has significant reduction ranged between 10% to 11% for TP. This research would assist the Agricultural community to apply appropriate Management practices to improve water quality.

Suggested Citation

  • Vivek Venishetty & Prem B. Parajuli, 2022. "Assessment of BMPs by Estimating Hydrologic and Water Quality Outputs Using SWAT in Yazoo River Watershed," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:4:p:477-:d:781888
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jason H. Knouft & Alejandra Botero-Acosta & Chin-Lung Wu & Barbara Charry & Maria L. Chu & Anthony I. Dell & Damon M. Hall & Steven J. Herrington, 2021. "Forested Riparian Buffers as Climate Adaptation Tools for Management of Riverine Flow and Thermal Regimes: A Case Study in the Meramec River Basin," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-17, February.
    2. Ni, Xiaojing & Parajuli, Prem B., 2018. "Evaluation of the impacts of BMPs and tailwater recovery system on surface and groundwater using satellite imagery and SWAT reservoir function," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 78-87.
    3. Katherine R. Merriman & Amy M. Russell & Cynthia M. Rachol & Prasad Daggupati & Raghavan Srinivasan & Brett A. Hayhurst & Todd D. Stuntebeck, 2018. "Calibration of a Field-Scale Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model with Field Placement of Best Management Practices in Alger Creek, Michigan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-23, March.
    4. Parajuli, P.B. & Jayakody, P. & Sassenrath, G.F. & Ouyang, Y., 2016. "Assessing the impacts of climate change and tillage practices on stream flow, crop and sediment yields from the Mississippi River Basin," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 112-124.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shailendra Singh & Soonho Hwang & Jeffrey G. Arnold & Rabin Bhattarai, 2023. "Evaluation of Agricultural BMPs’ Impact on Water Quality and Crop Production Using SWAT+ Model," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-16, July.
    2. Venkatachalam Kasthuri Thilagam & Sandrasekaran Manivannan & Om Pal Singh Khola, 2023. "Deriving Land Management Practices for Reduced Nutrient Movement from an Agricultural Watershed Using the AGNPS Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-14, February.
    3. Shreeya Bhattarai & Prem B. Parajuli, 2023. "Best Management Practices Affect Water Quality in Coastal Watersheds," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-17, February.

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