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Review of Macadamia Production in Malawi: Focusing on What, Where, How Much Is Produced and Major Constraints

Author

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  • Emmanuel Junior Zuza

    (School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics, The Open University, Gass Building, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK)

  • Kadmiel Maseyk

    (School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics, The Open University, Gass Building, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK)

  • Shonil Bhagwat

    (School Social Sciences and Global Studies, Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences, The Open University, Gass Building, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK)

  • Andrew Emmott

    (The Neno Macadamia Trust, 42 Harpur Street, Bedford MK40 2QT, UK)

  • Will Rawes

    (The Neno Macadamia Trust, 42 Harpur Street, Bedford MK40 2QT, UK)

  • Yoseph Negusse Araya

    (School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics, The Open University, Gass Building, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK)

Abstract

Macadamia is an essential commodity crop in Malawi. The nuts are a lucrative commodity and are used for household consumption, income generation among farming families and as a foreign exchange earning crop at country-level. Macadamia production in Malawi has increased significantly in recent years. Malawi is the seventh top producer of macadamia nuts valued at £23.5 million, with a global market share of 3%. In 2018, the country was the fourth-largest exporter of macadamia nuts that were valued at £18.2 million. The majority (90%) of this crop was grown by large commercial estates with smallholder’s production only contributing about 10% of the total crop production. However, the smallholder sector is vital for the future growth of the macadamia sector in the country. Further, Malawian smallholders consider macadamia production as a low-input crop with large returns per unit area (£10.7 kg −1 ha −1 ), and it thus a lucrative commodity with high potential for poverty reduction and wealth creation among these farming families. This paper, therefore, explores: (i) the historical and current trends in macadamia nut production in Malawi; (ii) analyses the country’s macadamia value chain focusing on smallholder farmer contributions; and (iii) discusses the constraints of smallholder macadamia production in Malawi for informed policymaking. We conclude that the synthesis of the Malawian macadamia sub-sector provides an understanding of the vital contributions of macadamia to Malawi’s economic growth and improvement of livelihoods.

Suggested Citation

  • Emmanuel Junior Zuza & Kadmiel Maseyk & Shonil Bhagwat & Andrew Emmott & Will Rawes & Yoseph Negusse Araya, 2021. "Review of Macadamia Production in Malawi: Focusing on What, Where, How Much Is Produced and Major Constraints," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-19, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:11:y:2021:i:2:p:152-:d:498503
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gilbert Onionkiton Adjimoti & George Tsey-Mensah Kwadzo & Daniel Bruce Sarpong & Edward Ebo Onumah, 2017. "Input Policies and Crop Diversification: Evidence from the Collines Region in Benin," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 29(3), pages 512-523, September.
    2. Nkhoma, Peter R., 2018. "The evolution of agricultural input subsidy programs: contextualizing policy debates in Malawi’s FISP," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 9(C), pages 12-17.
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