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Testing the convergent- and predictive validity of a multi-dimensional belief-based scale for attitude towards personal safety on public bus/minibus for long-distance trips in Ghana: A SEM analysis

Author

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  • Sam, Enoch F.
  • Brijs, Kris
  • Daniels, Stijn
  • Brijs, Tom
  • Wets, Geert

Abstract

We examined the predictive validity of the public bus passenger safety attitude scale (PBPSAS), a measure of personal safety attitude (PSA), to predict future intention to use public bus/minibus for long-distance trips. Using 510 adults, we tested among other things the hypothesis that PSA has a positive significant effect on future intentions to use public bus/minibus for long-distance trips. Data analyses involved: (1) descriptive analyses of measure reliabilities and the strength and evaluation of people's safety-related beliefs, (2) fitting measurement and structural models to determine the factorial structure of PSA and (3) path analysis to examine the relationships between two different measures for personal safety-related attitude (indirect (belief-based) measure for PSA and a direct measure) and future intentions to use public bus/minibus for long-distance trips. Data analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 25 and AMOS 24. We found that: (1) a second-order factor model provides a more parsimonious framework for explaining PSA than a three-factor model, (2) the indirect measure for attitude towards personal safety has convergent validity, (3) PSA has a positive significant effect on both a direct measure for attitude towards personal safety on public bus/minibus, and future intention to use public bus/minibus for long-distance trips and (4) that the direct measure for attitude towards personal safety also has a positive significant effect on the future intention to use public bus/minibus. We thus conclude that PBPSAS is a useful instrument for measuring PSA and is valid in predicting future intentions to use public bus/minibus for long-distance trips.

Suggested Citation

  • Sam, Enoch F. & Brijs, Kris & Daniels, Stijn & Brijs, Tom & Wets, Geert, 2020. "Testing the convergent- and predictive validity of a multi-dimensional belief-based scale for attitude towards personal safety on public bus/minibus for long-distance trips in Ghana: A SEM analysis," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 67-79.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:trapol:v:85:y:2020:i:c:p:67-79
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.11.001
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