IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/transa/v199y2025ics0965856425001958.html

CAV-dedicated lane sharing strategy of expressway in mixed traffic environment: A novel dynamic lane-level tolling method

Author

Listed:
  • Zhang, Weihua
  • Zhang, Haiyang
  • Ding, Huanyu
  • Ding, Heng
  • Di, Yunran
  • Liu, Jiaming

Abstract

In a mixed network environment on expressways, designating dedicated lanes for connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) can effectively enhance road capacity. However, at low CAV penetration rates, setting dedicated lanes may cause inefficient use of road resources and potential congestion. To improve the utilization efficiency of dedicated lanes, this paper develops a dynamic tolling strategy for connected human-driven vehicles (CHVs) to use CAV-dedicated lanes through a pay-and-share mechanism. This dynamic tolling strategy involves two primary components. First, an optimized lane-level cell transmission model (CTM) is developed to incorporate the proportion of CHVs willing to pay for CAV-dedicated lanes access, combined with a user equilibrium (UE) model based on heterogeneous time values to allocate traffic flow. Second, a model predictive control tolling (MPCT) strategy is proposed, using the refined lane-level CTM as the predictive model and the dung beetle optimizer (DBO) algorithm to calculate the optimal toll rate sequence. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed MPCT strategy is evaluated through a comparative analysis against with a feedback control tolling (FCT) strategy and a no control (NC) baseline. Simulation results indicate that the proposed MPCT strategy can significantly improve traffic efficiency and safety while also contributing to reduced fuel consumption.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhang, Weihua & Zhang, Haiyang & Ding, Huanyu & Ding, Heng & Di, Yunran & Liu, Jiaming, 2025. "CAV-dedicated lane sharing strategy of expressway in mixed traffic environment: A novel dynamic lane-level tolling method," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:199:y:2025:i:c:s0965856425001958
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2025.104567
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856425001958
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.tra.2025.104567?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rodrigo C. Carlson & Ioannis Papamichail & Markos Papageorgiou & Albert Messmer, 2010. "Optimal Motorway Traffic Flow Control Involving Variable Speed Limits and Ramp Metering," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 44(2), pages 238-253, May.
    2. Ding, Heng & Zhang, Lang & Chen, Jin & Zheng, Xiaoyan & Pan, Hao & Zhang, Weihua, 2023. "MPC-based dynamic speed control of CAVs in multiple sections upstream of the bottleneck area within a mixed vehicular environment," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 613(C).
    3. Chen, Shuiwang & Hu, Lu & Yao, Zhihong & Zhu, Juanxiu & Zhao, Bin & Jiang, Yangsheng, 2022. "Efficient and environmentally friendly operation of intermittent dedicated lanes for connected autonomous vehicles in mixed traffic environments," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 608(P2).
    4. Bansal, Prateek & Kockelman, Kara M., 2017. "Forecasting Americans’ long-term adoption of connected and autonomous vehicle technologies," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 49-63.
    5. He, Ziliang & Wang, Ling & Su, Zicheng & Ma, Wanjing, 2024. "Integrating variable speed limit and ramp metering to enhance vehicle group safety and efficiency in a mixed traffic environment," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 641(C).
    6. Di, Yunran & Zhang, Weihua & Ding, Heng & Zheng, Xiaoyan & Ran, Bin, 2024. "Cooperative control of dynamic CAV dedicated lanes and vehicle active lane changing in expressway bottleneck areas," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 638(C).
    7. Daganzo, Carlos F., 1994. "The cell transmission model: A dynamic representation of highway traffic consistent with the hydrodynamic theory," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 269-287, August.
    8. Zhong, Zijia & Lee, Joyoung, 2019. "The effectiveness of managed lane strategies for the near-term deployment of cooperative adaptive cruise control," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 257-270.
    9. Malachy Carey & Chandra Balijepalli & David Watling, 2015. "Extending the Cell Transmission Model to Multiple Lanes and Lane-Changing," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 15(3), pages 507-535, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Wei, Liyang & Zhang, Weihua & Bai, Haijian & Ding, Heng & Chen, Xingyu & Ma, Xinxin, 2025. "LM-IDM: A novel multi-lane car-following model considering lateral merging in mixed traffic," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 677(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Di, Yunran & Zhang, Weihua & Ding, Heng & Zheng, Xiaoyan & Ran, Bin, 2024. "Cooperative control of dynamic CAV dedicated lanes and vehicle active lane changing in expressway bottleneck areas," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 638(C).
    2. He, Ziliang & Wang, Ling & Su, Zicheng & Ma, Wanjing, 2024. "Integrating variable speed limit and ramp metering to enhance vehicle group safety and efficiency in a mixed traffic environment," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 641(C).
    3. Zhang, Lang & Ding, Heng & Feng, Zhen & Wang, Liangwen & Di, Yunran & Zheng, Xiaoyan & Wang, Shiguang, 2024. "Variable speed limit control strategy considering traffic flow lane assignment in mixed-vehicle driving environment," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 656(C).
    4. Gao, Yang & Levinson, David, 2024. "A multi-stage spatial queueing model with logistic arrivals and departures consistent with the microscopic fundamental diagram and hysteresis," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    5. Yuan, Tianchen & Ioannou, Petros A., 2023. "Coordinated Traffic Flow Control in a Connected Environment," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt6q67f9z4, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    6. Yao, Zhihong & Li, Le & Liao, Wenbin & Wang, Yi & Wu, Yunxia, 2024. "Optimal lane management policy for connected automated vehicles in mixed traffic flow," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 637(C).
    7. Chen, Shuiwang & Hu, Lu & Yao, Zhihong & Zhu, Juanxiu & Zhao, Bin & Jiang, Yangsheng, 2022. "Efficient and environmentally friendly operation of intermittent dedicated lanes for connected autonomous vehicles in mixed traffic environments," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 608(P2).
    8. Ding, Heng & Zhang, Lang & Chen, Jin & Zheng, Xiaoyan & Pan, Hao & Zhang, Weihua, 2023. "MPC-based dynamic speed control of CAVs in multiple sections upstream of the bottleneck area within a mixed vehicular environment," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 613(C).
    9. Ren, Tingting & Jiang, Yangsheng & Yao, Zhihong, 2025. "Travel time delay model with lane management policy for connected automated vehicles," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 675(C).
    10. Wang, Jiawen & Zou, Linzhi & Zhao, Jing & Wang, Xinwei, 2024. "Dynamic capacity drop propagation in incident-affected networks: Traffic state modeling with SIS-CTM," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 637(C).
    11. Qiu, Tun & Liu, Pan & Li, Zhibin & Xu, Chengcheng & Qiu, Kailai & Wang, Shunchao, 2025. "MADDPG-GST for coordinated variable speed limit and ramp metering: A hybrid action deep reinforcement learning approach to bottleneck congestion mitigation," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 680(C).
    12. Reilly, Jack & Martin, Sébastien & Payer, Mathias & Bayen, Alexandre M., 2016. "Creating complex congestion patterns via multi-objective optimal freeway traffic control with application to cyber-security," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 366-382.
    13. Chi-kwong Wong & Yiu-yin Lee, 2020. "Lane-Based Traffic Signal Simulation and Optimization for Preventing Overflow," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-28, August.
    14. Huang, Wei & Hu, Yang, 2022. "A modified cell transmission model considering queuing characteristics for channelized zone at signalized intersections," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 605(C).
    15. Michael W. Levin, 2019. "A Combinatorial Dynamic Network Trajectory Reservation Algorithm for Connected Autonomous Vehicles," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 27-55, March.
    16. Qin, Yanyan & Xiao, Tengfei & He, Zhengbing, 2024. "Emissions-reduction strategy for connected autonomous vehicles on mixed traffic freeways," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 653(C).
    17. Jiang, Yangsheng & Chen, Hongyu & Cong, Hongwei & Wu, Yunxia & Yao, Zhihong, 2024. "Fundamental diagram of mixed traffic flow of CAVs with different connectivity and automation levels," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 646(C).
    18. Zhang, Jian & Bai, Yan-Zhenni & He, Jia & Wang, Tao, 2025. "On the impacts of dedicated lanes for CAVs in mixed traffic: Evaluation using a modified cell transmission model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 662(C).
    19. Qixiu Cheng & Zhiyuan Liu & Feifei Liu & Ruo Jia, 2017. "Urban dynamic congestion pricing: an overview and emerging research needs," International Journal of Urban Sciences, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(0), pages 3-18, August.
    20. Lindgren, Thomas & Pink, Sarah & Fors, Vaike, 2021. "Fore-sighting autonomous driving - An Ethnographic approach," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:199:y:2025:i:c:s0965856425001958. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/547/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.