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Influence of social support on progression of coronary artery disease in women

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  • Wang, Hui-Xin
  • Mittleman, Murray A.
  • Orth-Gomer, Kristina

Abstract

There is strong and consistent evidence across numerous studies that social isolation or lack of social support is an independent risk factor for incident coronary heart disease. However, the impact of social isolation or lack of social support on the progression of coronary atherosclerosis in women has not been well documented. Among 292 women, aged 30-65 years, consecutively hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina between 1991 and 1994 enrolled in the female coronary risk study, 102 women were available to study disease progression over an average of 3.2 years. Three aspects of social support were studied: emotional support, social integration, and interpersonal social relations. Quantitative coronary angiography was performed 3-6 months following index hospitalization and repeated 3 years later. Progression of coronary atherosclerosis was evaluated as the change in mean luminal diameter from first to second measurements of 10 pre-defined coronary segments. Mixed model ANOVA was used to analyze the impact of social support on progression of coronary atherosclerosis. Significantly greater coronary atherosclerosis progression was found among women who lacked emotional support (mean coronary artery luminal diameter narrowing by 0.15Â mm), with social isolation (0.14Â mm), and lack of interpersonal social relations (0.13Â mm), whereas women with high levels of support progressed less. It was 0.05Â mm in women with high levels of emotional support, 0.07Â mm for socially integrated women, and 0.04Â mm in women with adequate interpersonal social relations. These associations were independent of conventional clinical and lifestyle factors such as age, smoking history, body mass index, menopausal status, and diagnosis of index event of acute myocardial infarction. The results of our study suggest that lack of emotional support, social isolation, and lack of interpersonal social relations are important risk factors for accelerated progression of coronary atherosclerosis in middle-aged women.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Hui-Xin & Mittleman, Murray A. & Orth-Gomer, Kristina, 2005. "Influence of social support on progression of coronary artery disease in women," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 60(3), pages 599-607, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:60:y:2005:i:3:p:599-607
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    1. Johnson, J.V. & Stewart, W. & Hall, E.M. & Fredlund, P. & Theorell, T., 1996. "Long-term psychosocial work environment and cardiovascular mortality among Swedish men," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 86(3), pages 324-331.
    2. Brezinka, Veronika & Kittel, France, 1996. "Psychosocial factors of coronary heart disease in women: A review," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 42(10), pages 1351-1365, May.
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    1. Outi Kähkönen & Päivi Kankkunen & Heikki Miettinen & Marja‐Leena Lamidi & Terhi Saaranen, 2017. "Perceived social support following percutaneous coronary intervention is a crucial factor in patients with coronary heart disease," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 26(9-10), pages 1264-1280, May.
    2. Chaix, Basile & Isacsson, Sven-Olof & Råstam, Lennart & Lindström, Martin & Merlo, Juan, 2007. "Income change at retirement, neighbourhood-based social support, and ischaemic heart disease: Results from the prospective cohort study "Men born in 1914"," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 64(4), pages 818-829, February.
    3. Choi, Hye Jung & LeBlanc, Marissa & Moger, Tron Anders & Valberg, Morten & Aamodt, Geir & Page, Christian M. & Tell, Grethe S. & Næss, Øyvind, 2022. "Stroke survival and the impact of geographic proximity to family members: A population-based cohort study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 309(C).

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