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Long-term psychiatric consequences of exposure to trauma in Cambodia: A regional household survey

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  • Cantor-Graae, Elizabeth
  • Chak, Thida
  • Sunbaunat, Ka
  • Jarl, Johan
  • Larsson, Charlotte A.

Abstract

The long-term psychiatric consequences of exposure to war and/or mass conflict continue to be of great concern and particularly in Cambodia. The current cross-sectional study examined the relationship between history of trauma and current psychiatric and functional morbidity in 3200 randomly selected adults aged 18–60 in Cambodia. Structured interviews were conducted from November 2011 until May 2012 in two predominantly rural regions purposively selected for differing duration of exposure to the Khmer Rouge occupation. Information was also collected regarding ongoing daily stressors and intimate partner violence. Despite high prevalence rates of conflict/war-related trauma, current rates of psychiatric disorders (depression, post-traumatic stress disorder) were relatively low, suggesting that the effects of trauma and extreme hardship in civilian populations may be modified by contextual factors and/or the passage of time. Poor to fair physical health was, however, reported by nearly 60% of the sample. Daily stressors were more important for current morbidity levels than history of trauma, especially in the region with shorter Khmer Rouge occupation. The results suggest that a focus exclusively on past trauma may overlook the contribution of adverse daily life circumstances towards current levels of well-being in civilian populations affected by war and/or mass conflict.

Suggested Citation

  • Cantor-Graae, Elizabeth & Chak, Thida & Sunbaunat, Ka & Jarl, Johan & Larsson, Charlotte A., 2014. "Long-term psychiatric consequences of exposure to trauma in Cambodia: A regional household survey," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 133-140.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:123:y:2014:i:c:p:133-140
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.10.049
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hal Hill & Jayant Menon, 2013. "Cambodia: Rapid Growth with Weak Institutions," Asian Economic Policy Review, Japan Center for Economic Research, vol. 8(1), pages 46-65, June.
    2. Flores, Elaine C. & Carnero, Andres M. & Bayer, Angela M., 2014. "Social capital and chronic post-traumatic stress disorder among survivors of the 2007 earthquake in Pisco, Peru," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 9-17.
    3. Hill, Hal & Menon, Jayant, 2013. "Cambodia: Rapid Growth with Institutional Constraints," ADB Economics Working Paper Series 331, Asian Development Bank.
    4. Miller, Kenneth E. & Rasmussen, Andrew, 2010. "War exposure, daily stressors, and mental health in conflict and post-conflict settings: Bridging the divide between trauma-focused and psychosocial frameworks," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(1), pages 7-16, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Neely, Abigail H. & Ponshunmugam, Arunsrinivasan, 2019. "A qualitative approach to examining health care access in rural South Africa," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 230(C), pages 214-221.
    2. Johan Jarl & Elizabeth Cantor-Graae & Thida Chak & Ka Sunbaunat & Charlotte A Larsson, 2015. "Trauma and Poor Mental Health in Relation to Economic Status: The Case of Cambodia 35 Years Later," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(8), pages 1-13, August.

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