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Converging structures? Recent regulatory change in bus-based local public transport in Sweden and England

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  • Rye, Tom
  • Wretstrand, Anders

Abstract

This paper compares the regulatory structures that have developed in local bus regulation over the past 20 years in local public transport in Sweden and England outside London, and their impacts. The paper will attempt to assess how far there are similarities in these structures and whether there is evidence of any form of convergence. It does so with a review of the relevant legislation and structures, and their effects, based on the published and grey literature in the two countries. It uses a theory of the regulatory cycle (based on Needham, 1983) to theorise the relative regulatory positions of the two countries. It pays particular attention to the development of types of cooperative or partnership contract between the public and private sectors in local bus transport in the two countries, and assesses the similarities and differences between these two contracts. It concludes that, whilst the two countries may be at different points on the regulatory cycle, and therefore that in regulatory terms these partnership contracts are the result of very different pressures, in fact they are resulting in some similarities, though not in any way a regulatory convergence.

Suggested Citation

  • Rye, Tom & Wretstrand, Anders, 2014. "Converging structures? Recent regulatory change in bus-based local public transport in Sweden and England," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 24-32.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:retrec:v:48:y:2014:i:c:p:24-32
    DOI: 10.1016/j.retrec.2014.09.028
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. van de Velde, Didier & Wallis, Ian, 2013. "‘Regulated deregulation’ of local bus services—An appraisal of international developments," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 21-33.
    2. Gwilliam, Ken, 2008. "Bus transport: Is there a regulatory cycle?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 42(9), pages 1183-1194, November.
    3. Preston, John, 2008. "Competition in transit markets," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 75-84, January.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ida, Yoram & Talit, Gal, 2015. "Regulation of public bus services: The Israeli experience," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 156-165.
    2. Xavier, Villa.i.Aguilar & Tom, Rye & Jonathan, Cowie & Clare, McTigue, 2022. "Bus franchising in English and Scottish regions – Viable solution or unfeasible instrument?," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 1-10.
    3. Preston, John, 2023. "All things must pass? Recent changes to competition and ownership in public transport in Great Britain," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    4. Preston, John, 2016. "Big buses in a small country: The prospects for bus services in Wales," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 379-387.
    5. Rye, Tom & Monios, Jason & Hrelja, Robert & Isaksson, Karolina, 2018. "The relationship between formal and informal institutions for governance of public transport," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 196-206.
    6. Robert Hrelja & Fredrik Pettersson & Stig Westerdahl, 2016. "The Qualities Needed for a Successful Collaboration: A Contribution to the Conceptual Understanding of Collaboration for Efficient Public Transport," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(6), pages 1-15, June.
    7. Rye, Tom & Hrelja, Robert & Monios, Jason & McTigue, Clare, 2021. "Partnership or franchising to improve bus services in two major English urban regions? An institutional analysis," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 59-67.
    8. McTigue, Clare & Monios, Jason & Rye, Tom, 2020. "The principal-agent problem in contracting public transport provision to private operators: A case study of the UK Quality Contract Scheme," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    9. Hrelja, Robert & Rye, Tom & Mullen, Caroline, 2018. "Partnerships between operators and public transport authorities. Working practices in relational contracting and collaborative partnerships," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 327-338.
    10. Pyddoke, Roger, 2020. "Penalties as incentives for punctuality and regularity in tendered Swedish public transport," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Quality; Partnership; Contract; Regulation; England; Sweden;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R4 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics
    • R5 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis
    • H2 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
    • H4 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods
    • L5 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy
    • L9 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities

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