IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v51y2015icp1578-1593.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Protection of AC and DC distribution systems Embedding distributed energy resources: A comparative review and analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Monadi, Mehdi
  • Amin Zamani, M.
  • Ignacio Candela, Jose
  • Luna, Alvaro
  • Rodriguez, Pedro

Abstract

The integration of distributed generation (DG) units into distribution networks has challenged the operating principles of traditional AC distribution systems, and also motivated the development of emerging DC systems. Of particular concern are the challenges associated with the operation of conventional protection schemes and/or devices. This paper first analyses the fault current characteristics in AC and DC distribution systems; it then presents a comprehensive review of the latest protection methods proposed for distribution systems embedding DGs. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of each method are outlined and compared. The differences between the protection algorithms employed in/proposed for AC and DC systems are also discussed. Finally, this study identifies the future trends and provides recommendation for researches in the field of protections of DC distribution networks.

Suggested Citation

  • Monadi, Mehdi & Amin Zamani, M. & Ignacio Candela, Jose & Luna, Alvaro & Rodriguez, Pedro, 2015. "Protection of AC and DC distribution systems Embedding distributed energy resources: A comparative review and analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1578-1593.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:51:y:2015:i:c:p:1578-1593
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.013
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032115006607
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.013?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Firouz, Y. & Farhadkhani, S. & Lobry, J. & Vallée, F. & Khakpour, A. & Durieux, O., 2014. "Numerical comparison of the effects of different types of distributed generation units on overcurrent protection systems in MV distribution grids," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 271-283.
    2. Justo, Jackson John & Mwasilu, Francis & Lee, Ju & Jung, Jin-Woo, 2013. "AC-microgrids versus DC-microgrids with distributed energy resources: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 387-405.
    3. Abdullah, M.A. & Agalgaonkar, A.P. & Muttaqi, K.M., 2014. "Assessment of energy supply and continuity of service in distribution network with renewable distributed generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1015-1026.
    4. Basak, Prasenjit & Chowdhury, S. & Halder nee Dey, S. & Chowdhury, S.P., 2012. "A literature review on integration of distributed energy resources in the perspective of control, protection and stability of microgrid," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 5545-5556.
    5. Planas, Estefanía & Andreu, Jon & Gárate, José Ignacio & Martínez de Alegría, Iñigo & Ibarra, Edorta, 2015. "AC and DC technology in microgrids: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 726-749.
    6. Karabiber, Abdulkerim & Keles, Cemal & Kaygusuz, Asim & Alagoz, B. Baykant, 2013. "An approach for the integration of renewable distributed generation in hybrid DC/AC microgrids," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 251-259.
    7. Ruiz-Romero, Salvador & Colmenar-Santos, Antonio & Mur-Pérez, Francisco & López-Rey, África, 2014. "Integration of distributed generation in the power distribution network: The need for smart grid control systems, communication and equipment for a smart city — Use cases," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 223-234.
    8. Tan, Wen-Shan & Hassan, Mohammad Yusri & Majid, Md Shah & Abdul Rahman, Hasimah, 2013. "Optimal distributed renewable generation planning: A review of different approaches," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 626-645.
    9. Gopalan, Sachit A. & Sreeram, Victor & Iu, Herbert H.C., 2014. "A review of coordination strategies and protection schemes for microgrids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 222-228.
    10. Ai, Qian & Wang, Xiaohong & He, Xing, 2014. "The impact of large-scale distributed generation on power grid and microgrids," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 417-423.
    11. Borges, Carmen Lucia Tancredo, 2012. "An overview of reliability models and methods for distribution systems with renewable energy distributed generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 4008-4015.
    12. Joselin Herbert, G.M. & Iniyan, S. & Amutha, D., 2014. "A review of technical issues on the development of wind farms," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 619-641.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Dash, P.K. & Rekha Pattnaik, Smruti & N.V.D.V. Prasad, Eluri & Bisoi, Ranjeeta, 2023. "Detection and classification of DC and feeder faults in DC microgrid using new morphological operators with multi class AdaBoost algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 340(C).
    2. Waqas Javed & Dong Chen & Mohamed Emad Farrag & Yan Xu, 2019. "System Configuration, Fault Detection, Location, Isolation and Restoration: A Review on LVDC Microgrid Protections," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-30, March.
    3. Abdul Motin Howlader & Hidehito Matayoshi & Saeed Sepasi & Tomonobu Senjyu, 2018. "Design and Line Fault Protection Scheme of a DC Microgrid Based on Battery Energy Storage System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-22, July.
    4. Ahmad Alzahrani & Pourya Shamsi & Mehdi Ferdowsi, 2020. "Interleaved Multistage Step-Up Topologies with Voltage Multiplier Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-18, November.
    5. Bui, Duong Minh & Chen, Shi-Lin & Lien, Keng-Yu & Chang, Yung-Ruei & Lee, Yih-Der & Jiang, Jheng-Lun, 2017. "Investigation on transient behaviours of a uni-grounded low-voltage AC microgrid and evaluation on its available fault protection methods: Review and proposals," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1417-1452.
    6. Colak, Ilhami & Sagiroglu, Seref & Fulli, Gianluca & Yesilbudak, Mehmet & Covrig, Catalin-Felix, 2016. "A survey on the critical issues in smart grid technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 396-405.
    7. Wajahat Ullah Khan Tareen & Muhammad Aamir & Saad Mekhilef & Mutsuo Nakaoka & Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian & Ben Horan & Mudasir Ahmed Memon & Nauman Anwar Baig, 2018. "Mitigation of Power Quality Issues Due to High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources in Electric Grid Systems Using Three-Phase APF/STATCOM Technologies: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-41, June.
    8. Emmanuel, Michael & Rayudu, Ramesh, 2017. "Evolution of dispatchable photovoltaic system integration with the electric power network for smart grid applications: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 207-224.
    9. Monadi, Mehdi & Zamani, M. Amin & Koch-Ciobotaru, Cosmin & Candela, Jose Ignacio & Rodriguez, Pedro, 2016. "A communication-assisted protection scheme for direct-current distribution networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 578-591.
    10. Bullich-Massagué, Eduard & Díaz-González, Francisco & Aragüés-Peñalba, Mònica & Girbau-Llistuella, Francesc & Olivella-Rosell, Pol & Sumper, Andreas, 2018. "Microgrid clustering architectures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 340-361.
    11. Arcia-Garibaldi, Guadalupe & Cruz-Romero, Pedro & Gómez-Expósito, Antonio, 2018. "Future power transmission: Visions, technologies and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 285-301.
    12. Bui, Duong Minh & Chen, Shi-Lin, 2017. "Fault protection solutions appropriately proposed for ungrounded low-voltage AC microgrids: Review and proposals," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1156-1174.
    13. Peng Tian & Zetao Li & Zhenghang Hao, 2019. "A Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Adaptive Control Strategy and Coordination Technology Compatible with Feeder Automation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-21, November.
    14. Jayamaha, D.K.J.S. & Lidula, N.W.A. & Rajapakse, A.D., 2020. "Protection and grounding methods in DC microgrids: Comprehensive review and analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    15. Mishra, Manohar & Patnaik, Bhaskar & Biswal, Monalisa & Hasan, Shazia & Bansal, Ramesh C., 2022. "A systematic review on DC-microgrid protection and grounding techniques: Issues, challenges and future perspective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    16. Ahmed, Faraedoon & Al Kez, Dlzar & McLoone, Seán & Best, Robert James & Cameron, Ché & Foley, Aoife, 2023. "Dynamic grid stability in low carbon power systems with minimum inertia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 486-506.
    17. Ghanbari, T. & Farjah, E. & Naseri, F. & Tashakor, N. & Givi, H. & Khayam, R., 2018. "Solid-State Capacitor Switching Transient Limiter based on Kalman Filter algorithm for mitigation of capacitor bank switching transients," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 1069-1081.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Unamuno, Eneko & Barrena, Jon Andoni, 2015. "Hybrid ac/dc microgrids—Part I: Review and classification of topologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1251-1259.
    2. Rezaee Jordehi, Ahmad, 2016. "Allocation of distributed generation units in electric power systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 893-905.
    3. Roslan, M.F. & Hannan, M.A. & Ker, Pin Jern & Uddin, M.N., 2019. "Microgrid control methods toward achieving sustainable energy management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 583-607.
    4. Burmester, Daniel & Rayudu, Ramesh & Seah, Winston & Akinyele, Daniel, 2017. "A review of nanogrid topologies and technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 760-775.
    5. Unamuno, Eneko & Barrena, Jon Andoni, 2015. "Hybrid ac/dc microgrids—Part II: Review and classification of control strategies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1123-1134.
    6. Razavi, Seyed-Ehsan & Rahimi, Ehsan & Javadi, Mohammad Sadegh & Nezhad, Ali Esmaeel & Lotfi, Mohamed & Shafie-khah, Miadreza & Catalão, João P.S., 2019. "Impact of distributed generation on protection and voltage regulation of distribution systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 157-167.
    7. Bui, Duong Minh & Chen, Shi-Lin & Lien, Keng-Yu & Chang, Yung-Ruei & Lee, Yih-Der & Jiang, Jheng-Lun, 2017. "Investigation on transient behaviours of a uni-grounded low-voltage AC microgrid and evaluation on its available fault protection methods: Review and proposals," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1417-1452.
    8. Bustos, Cristian & Watts, David, 2017. "Novel methodology for microgrids in isolated communities: Electricity cost-coverage trade-off with 3-stage technology mix, dispatch & configuration optimizations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 204-221.
    9. Jung, Jaesung & Onen, Ahmet & Russell, Kevin & Broadwater, Robert P., 2015. "Local steady-state and quasi steady-state impact studies of high photovoltaic generation penetration in power distribution circuits," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 569-583.
    10. Dagar, Annu & Gupta, Pankaj & Niranjan, Vandana, 2021. "Microgrid protection: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    11. Bullich-Massagué, Eduard & Díaz-González, Francisco & Aragüés-Peñalba, Mònica & Girbau-Llistuella, Francesc & Olivella-Rosell, Pol & Sumper, Andreas, 2018. "Microgrid clustering architectures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 340-361.
    12. Wang, Yunqi & Ravishankar, Jayashri & Phung, Toan, 2016. "A study on critical clearing time (CCT) of micro-grids under fault conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 381-395.
    13. Patnaik, Bhaskar & Mishra, Manohar & Bansal, Ramesh C. & Jena, Ranjan Kumar, 2020. "AC microgrid protection – A review: Current and future prospective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).
    14. Bui, Duong Minh & Chen, Shi-Lin, 2017. "Fault protection solutions appropriately proposed for ungrounded low-voltage AC microgrids: Review and proposals," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1156-1174.
    15. Kinnon, Michael Mac & Razeghi, Ghazal & Samuelsen, Scott, 2021. "The role of fuel cells in port microgrids to support sustainable goods movement," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    16. Adil, Ali M. & Ko, Yekang, 2016. "Socio-technical evolution of Decentralized Energy Systems: A critical review and implications for urban planning and policy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 1025-1037.
    17. Mallol-Poyato, R. & Salcedo-Sanz, S. & Jiménez-Fernández, S. & Díaz-Villar, P., 2015. "Optimal discharge scheduling of energy storage systems in MicroGrids based on hyper-heuristics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 13-24.
    18. Planas, Estefanía & Andreu, Jon & Gárate, José Ignacio & Martínez de Alegría, Iñigo & Ibarra, Edorta, 2015. "AC and DC technology in microgrids: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 726-749.
    19. Yoldaş, Yeliz & Önen, Ahmet & Muyeen, S.M. & Vasilakos, Athanasios V. & Alan, İrfan, 2017. "Enhancing smart grid with microgrids: Challenges and opportunities," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 205-214.
    20. Jose L. López-Prado & Jorge I. Vélez & Guisselle A. Garcia-Llinás, 2020. "Reliability Evaluation in Distribution Networks with Microgrids: Review and Classification of the Literature," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-31, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:51:y:2015:i:c:p:1578-1593. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.