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Protection of AC and DC distribution systems Embedding distributed energy resources: A comparative review and analysis

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  • Monadi, Mehdi
  • Amin Zamani, M.
  • Ignacio Candela, Jose
  • Luna, Alvaro
  • Rodriguez, Pedro

Abstract

The integration of distributed generation (DG) units into distribution networks has challenged the operating principles of traditional AC distribution systems, and also motivated the development of emerging DC systems. Of particular concern are the challenges associated with the operation of conventional protection schemes and/or devices. This paper first analyses the fault current characteristics in AC and DC distribution systems; it then presents a comprehensive review of the latest protection methods proposed for distribution systems embedding DGs. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of each method are outlined and compared. The differences between the protection algorithms employed in/proposed for AC and DC systems are also discussed. Finally, this study identifies the future trends and provides recommendation for researches in the field of protections of DC distribution networks.

Suggested Citation

  • Monadi, Mehdi & Amin Zamani, M. & Ignacio Candela, Jose & Luna, Alvaro & Rodriguez, Pedro, 2015. "Protection of AC and DC distribution systems Embedding distributed energy resources: A comparative review and analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1578-1593.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:51:y:2015:i:c:p:1578-1593
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.013
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    6. Monadi, Mehdi & Zamani, M. Amin & Koch-Ciobotaru, Cosmin & Candela, Jose Ignacio & Rodriguez, Pedro, 2016. "A communication-assisted protection scheme for direct-current distribution networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 578-591.
    7. Bullich-Massagué, Eduard & Díaz-González, Francisco & Aragüés-Peñalba, Mònica & Girbau-Llistuella, Francesc & Olivella-Rosell, Pol & Sumper, Andreas, 2018. "Microgrid clustering architectures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 340-361.
    8. Bui, Duong Minh & Chen, Shi-Lin, 2017. "Fault protection solutions appropriately proposed for ungrounded low-voltage AC microgrids: Review and proposals," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1156-1174.
    9. Mishra, Manohar & Patnaik, Bhaskar & Biswal, Monalisa & Hasan, Shazia & Bansal, Ramesh C., 2022. "A systematic review on DC-microgrid protection and grounding techniques: Issues, challenges and future perspective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
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    11. Ghanbari, T. & Farjah, E. & Naseri, F. & Tashakor, N. & Givi, H. & Khayam, R., 2018. "Solid-State Capacitor Switching Transient Limiter based on Kalman Filter algorithm for mitigation of capacitor bank switching transients," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 1069-1081.
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    13. Colak, Ilhami & Sagiroglu, Seref & Fulli, Gianluca & Yesilbudak, Mehmet & Covrig, Catalin-Felix, 2016. "A survey on the critical issues in smart grid technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 396-405.
    14. Wajahat Ullah Khan Tareen & Muhammad Aamir & Saad Mekhilef & Mutsuo Nakaoka & Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian & Ben Horan & Mudasir Ahmed Memon & Nauman Anwar Baig, 2018. "Mitigation of Power Quality Issues Due to High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources in Electric Grid Systems Using Three-Phase APF/STATCOM Technologies: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-41, June.
    15. Arcia-Garibaldi, Guadalupe & Cruz-Romero, Pedro & Gómez-Expósito, Antonio, 2018. "Future power transmission: Visions, technologies and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 285-301.
    16. Peng Tian & Zetao Li & Zhenghang Hao, 2019. "A Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Adaptive Control Strategy and Coordination Technology Compatible with Feeder Automation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-21, November.
    17. Jayamaha, D.K.J.S. & Lidula, N.W.A. & Rajapakse, A.D., 2020. "Protection and grounding methods in DC microgrids: Comprehensive review and analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).

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