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Decadal variability of wave power production in the North-East Atlantic and North Sea for the M4 machine

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  • Santo, H.
  • Taylor, P.H.
  • Eatock Taylor, R.
  • Stansby, P.

Abstract

We look at the variability of the power produced by the three-float M4 wave energy converter for locations in the North-East Atlantic and North Sea using the NORA10 hindcast data from 1958−2011. The aim is to investigate whether the produced power is also strongly affected by the climate variability (such as the North Atlantic Oscillations) in the winter, just as the ocean wave power resource as observed in previous studies. In this study, we demonstrate the use of proxy indices in combination with the climate indices to reconstruct a historic practical wave power climate from 1665−2005. We also conduct sensitivity studies to assess the changes in the practical wave power variability in response to perturbing the machine size, the power take-off coefficient, the response bandwidth and the power limit of the power take off. We find that the resultant temporal variation is still dominated by the climate variability. However, the overall variability important for power availability and energy supply economics is smaller than that of the ocean wave power resource because of the finite capture bandwidth of the M4 machine. The statistical methodology presented here is also potentially relevant to other wave energy converters in similar locations.

Suggested Citation

  • Santo, H. & Taylor, P.H. & Eatock Taylor, R. & Stansby, P., 2016. "Decadal variability of wave power production in the North-East Atlantic and North Sea for the M4 machine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 442-450.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:91:y:2016:i:c:p:442-450
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2016.01.086
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Reguero, B.G. & Losada, I.J. & Méndez, F.J., 2015. "A global wave power resource and its seasonal, interannual and long-term variability," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 366-380.
    2. Mackay, Edward B.L. & Bahaj, AbuBakr S. & Challenor, Peter G., 2010. "Uncertainty in wave energy resource assessment. Part 2: Variability and predictability," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(8), pages 1809-1819.
    3. Mackay, Edward B.L. & Bahaj, AbuBakr S. & Challenor, Peter G., 2010. "Uncertainty in wave energy resource assessment. Part 1: Historic data," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(8), pages 1792-1808.
    4. Neill, Simon P. & Lewis, Matt J. & Hashemi, M. Reza & Slater, Emma & Lawrence, John & Spall, Steven A., 2014. "Inter-annual and inter-seasonal variability of the Orkney wave power resource," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 339-348.
    5. Stansby, P. & Carpintero Moreno, E. & Stallard, T. & Maggi, A., 2015. "Three-float broad-band resonant line absorber with surge for wave energy conversion," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 132-140.
    6. Neill, Simon P. & Hashemi, M. Reza, 2013. "Wave power variability over the northwest European shelf seas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 31-46.
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    Cited by:

    1. Carpintero Moreno, Efrain & Stansby, Peter, 2019. "The 6-float wave energy converter M4: Ocean basin tests giving capture width, response and energy yield for several sites," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 307-318.
    2. Lande-Sudall, D. & Stallard, T. & Stansby, P., 2018. "Co-located offshore wind and tidal stream turbines: Assessment of energy yield and loading," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 627-643.
    3. Santo, H. & Taylor, P.H. & Stansby, P.K., 2020. "The performance of the three-float M4 wave energy converter off Albany, on the south coast of western Australia, compared to Orkney (EMEC) in the U.K," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 444-459.
    4. Orszaghova, J. & Lemoine, S. & Santo, H. & Taylor, P.H. & Kurniawan, A. & McGrath, N. & Zhao, W. & Cuttler, M.V.W., 2022. "Variability of wave power production of the M4 machine at two energetic open ocean locations: Off Albany, Western Australia and at EMEC, Orkney, UK," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 417-431.
    5. Commin, Andrew N. & French, Andrew S. & Marasco, Matteo & Loxton, Jennifer & Gibb, Stuart W. & McClatchey, John, 2017. "The influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on diverse renewable generation in Scotland," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 855-867.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    M4 wave energy converter; Wave power variability; NAO; Correlation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • M4 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Accounting

    Statistics

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