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Effects of torrefaction pretreatment on the physicochemical properties of biomass and subsequent pyrolysis products

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  • Xu, Nan
  • Wang, Zhiwei
  • Chen, Gaofeng
  • Li, Zaifeng
  • Lei, Tingzhou
  • Gupta, Ashwani K.

Abstract

Biomass pyrolysis is a promising pathway for renewable fuel and chemical production. Biomass's inherent high oxygen content, volatility, and low energy density impacts its efficiency. This study investigates the effects of torrefaction pretreatment on the physicochemical properties and pyrolysis product distribution of pine wood. Torrefaction was conducted at 240, 260, and 280 °C for 20, 40, and 60 min. Results showed that higher torrefaction temperatures and extended residence times synergistically improved biomass fuel characteristics. At 280 °C for 60 min, the amount of fixed carbon increased to 37.79%, HHV rose from 18.19 to 23.68 MJ/kg, and volatile matter decreased by 18.93%. Elemental analysis revealed significant reductions in hydrogen and oxygen contents, while ash content increased by 0.85% from devolatilization. Longer torrefaction durations further promoted carbonization and hydrophobicity, although their impact was less significant than that of temperature. Pyrolysis analysis using Py-GC/MS showed that the amounts of phenolic compound increased by 13.56%, while oxygenated by-products (phenolic, aldehydes and ketones) decreased by 24.42% at 280 °C. Additionally, levoglucosan yield increased by 23.93% at 260 °C, indicating improved selective formation of dehydrated sugars. The results indicated that torrefaction can effectively improve biomass properties and tailor pyrolysis products for improved performance in energy and chemical applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Xu, Nan & Wang, Zhiwei & Chen, Gaofeng & Li, Zaifeng & Lei, Tingzhou & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2026. "Effects of torrefaction pretreatment on the physicochemical properties of biomass and subsequent pyrolysis products," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:262:y:2026:i:c:s0960148126001771
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2026.125352
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    References listed on IDEAS

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