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A hierarchical full-component utilization strategy for steel slag: Synergistic preparation of thermochemical and phase change energy storage materials

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  • Yang, Chenhao
  • Huang, Zhen
  • Yu, Haowen
  • Zhang, Zekai
  • Chu, Huaqiang

Abstract

Energy saving and emission reduction is a hot topic of global concern. To promote the efficient use of steel slag in renewable energy sources, this study innovatively proposes a strategy for whole-component hierarchical utilization of steel slag to synergistically produce thermochemical energy storage materials and phase change energy storage materials. In the experiment, firstly, calcium ions were extracted from steel slag using acetic acid treatment to synthesize calcium-based thermochemical energy storage materials. Secondly, steel slag-based porous ceramics were fabricated with a dual pore-forming strategy that combines water-soluble salt and foaming agent methods, using acid-washed steel slag precipitates and metakaolin as raw materials. Thirdly, phase change energy storage materials were prepared by vacuum impregnating paraffin wax into porous ceramics. The results demonstrated that the steel slag-derived calcium oxide energy storage material exhibits enhanced attenuation resistance compared to pure calcium oxide, achieving an initial energy storage density of 1807.17 J/g and retaining 1575.69 J/g after 10 thermal cycles. Furthermore, composite phase change materials fabricated from acid-treated steel slag demonstrate 55 % loading ratios along with improved thermal stability and leakage resistance compared to untreated counterparts. These materials exhibit an energy storage density of 109.54 J/g. The prepared thermal energy storage materials have a wide range of applications in thermal energy storage, solar energy utilization and waste heat recovery.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Chenhao & Huang, Zhen & Yu, Haowen & Zhang, Zekai & Chu, Huaqiang, 2026. "A hierarchical full-component utilization strategy for steel slag: Synergistic preparation of thermochemical and phase change energy storage materials," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(PD).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:256:y:2026:i:pd:s0960148125018701
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124206
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    References listed on IDEAS

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