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Experimental optimization of a PVT hybrid solar system with V-shaped porous plates and controlled airflow

Author

Listed:
  • Aghakhani, Saeed
  • Pordanjani, Ahmad Hajatzadeh
  • Khdair, Adnan I.
  • Afrand, Masoud
  • Daneh-Dezfuli, Alireza

Abstract

This study presents the design, fabrication, and optimization of a hybrid solar PVT (Photovoltaic-Thermal) system that integrates V-shaped porous copper plates and controlled airflow over water pipes in a reciprocating setup. Three configurations were tested: basic PVT, PVT with a fan, and a hybrid PVT with both a fan and porous material. Experimental and out-of-lab data were analyzed and optimized using Response Surface Methodology. Based on the first law of thermodynamics, increasing water flow rate and heat flux improved thermal, electrical, and overall efficiencies. The system achieved a maximum thermal efficiency of 71.4 % and an overall efficiency of 82.57 % at a 900 W/m2 heat flux, 2.5 L/min flow rate, and three active fans. While additional fans enhanced thermal performance, their energy use slightly reduced electrical efficiency (maximum 12.12 %). ANOVA results confirmed that heat flux and flow rate significantly influenced system performance (p < 0.0001), with the Quadratic and 2FI models offering good predictive accuracy. Second-law (exergy) analysis showed that high-quality electrical energy significantly contributed to total efficiency. It also revealed that higher heat flux and lower flow rate improved thermal exergy efficiency, increasing it from 0.3 % to over 1 %.

Suggested Citation

  • Aghakhani, Saeed & Pordanjani, Ahmad Hajatzadeh & Khdair, Adnan I. & Afrand, Masoud & Daneh-Dezfuli, Alireza, 2026. "Experimental optimization of a PVT hybrid solar system with V-shaped porous plates and controlled airflow," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(PA).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:256:y:2026:i:pa:s0960148125014946
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.123830
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    References listed on IDEAS

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