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Enhanced energy efficiency and thermal performance of a hybrid battery thermal management system by a delay control strategy of thermoelectric coolers

Author

Listed:
  • Luo, Ding
  • Jiang, Li
  • Chen, Hao
  • Ma, Yanlei
  • Zhang, Peng
  • Chen, Zhanming
  • Geng, Limin

Abstract

This work proposes a phase change material (PCM)-thermoelectric cooler (TEC)-liquid cooling hybrid battery thermal management system (BTMS) to maintain batteries within the optimal temperature range. Meanwhile, the coordinated operation strategy for active and passive cooling systems is designed to accommodate various battery discharge rates and ambient temperatures and to reduce energy consumption. A transient fluid-electric-thermal multi-physics numerical model is also developed to evaluate the system's thermal performance. The results indicate that under ambient temperatures of 298.15–313.15 K and discharge rates of below 4 C, the passive cooling system can maintain batteries within the optimal temperature range. However, when the ambient temperature exceeds 303.15 K and the discharge rate exceeds 5 C, the active TEC and liquid cooling should be activated. At this extreme situation, the active and passive cooling operate simultaneously, and a TEC current of 0.5 A and a liquid cooling mass flow rate of 1 g/s enable the optimal system performance, achieving the lowest energy consumption of 1439.33 J, the lowest battery's temperature difference and maximum temperature of 2.52 K and 321.07 K, respectively. With the implementation of the delay2 strategy, the power consumptions of a single TEC and liquid cooling are further reduced to 177.1 J and 9.8 J, respectively, while the temperature difference and maximum temperature slightly increase to 2.61 K and 323.15 K. This study provides new design concepts and control strategies for the hybrid BTMS.

Suggested Citation

  • Luo, Ding & Jiang, Li & Chen, Hao & Ma, Yanlei & Zhang, Peng & Chen, Zhanming & Geng, Limin, 2025. "Enhanced energy efficiency and thermal performance of a hybrid battery thermal management system by a delay control strategy of thermoelectric coolers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:253:y:2025:i:c:s0960148125012698
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.123607
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    References listed on IDEAS

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