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Fast-pyrolysis lignin-biochar as an excellent precursor for high-performance capacitors

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  • Zhu, Lingyan
  • Liu, Xudong
  • Wu, Yuan
  • Wang, Qifan
  • Wang, Haotian
  • Li, Dongbing

Abstract

Lignin-based activated carbons (LAC) were produced using thermochemical pretreatment and chemical activation with KOH. Fast pyrolysis at 550 °C in a CO2/N2 atmosphere resulted in lignin char (LC) with a more developed porous structure than slow pyrolysis. The effect of activation conditions (KOH usage, temperature, and duration) on surface/physicochemical properties and electrochemical characteristics of the resulting LAC was fully studied. Using fast pyrolysis lignin char as a precursor and optimized activation conditions (wKOH:wLC = 2, 800 °C, and 2 h), the resulting LAC featured a large surface area of 2149.5 m2 g−1, a total pore volume of 0.88 m3 g−1, and high capacitance of 300 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 in a 6 mol L−1 KOH electrolyte. The LAC-based symmetric supercapacitor could offer superior energy density (19.15 W h kg−1 at 250 W kg−1 power density) and a stable lifetime (98.2% of original capacity after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles). The excellent capacitor performance of LAC was attributed to its microporous-mesoporous structure developed from fast pyrolysis and subsequent chemical activation.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhu, Lingyan & Liu, Xudong & Wu, Yuan & Wang, Qifan & Wang, Haotian & Li, Dongbing, 2022. "Fast-pyrolysis lignin-biochar as an excellent precursor for high-performance capacitors," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 1318-1327.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:198:y:2022:i:c:p:1318-1327
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2022.08.115
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    1. Xu, Xiaodong & Sielicki, Krzysztof & Min, Jiakang & Li, Jiaxin & Hao, Chuncheng & Wen, Xin & Chen, Xuecheng & Mijowska, Ewa, 2022. "One-step converting biowaste wolfberry fruits into hierarchical porous carbon and its application for high-performance supercapacitors," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 187-195.
    2. Wang, Chao & Wang, Hanwei & Dang, Baokang & Wang, Zhe & Shen, Xiaoping & Li, Caicai & Sun, Qingfeng, 2020. "Ultrahigh yield of nitrogen doped porous carbon from biomass waste for supercapacitor," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 370-376.
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