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Technical challenges for the optimum penetration of grid-connected photovoltaic systems: Spain as a case study

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  • Colmenar-Santos, Antonio
  • Linares-Mena, Ana-Rosa
  • Molina-Ibáñez, Enrique-Luis
  • Rosales-Asensio, Enrique
  • Borge-Diez, David

Abstract

This research reviews the technical requirements of grid-connected photovoltaic power plants to increase their competitiveness and efficiently integrate into the grid to satisfy future demand requirements and grid management challenges, focusing on Spain as a case study. The integration of distributed resources into the electric network, in particular photovoltaic energy, requires an accurate control of the system. The integration of photovoltaic energy has resulted in significant changes to the regulatory framework to ensure proper integration of distributed generation units in the grid. In this study, the requirements of the system operator for the management and smart control are first analysed and then the technical specifications established by the network operator in reference to the components of the facility are evaluated. This analysis identifies the shortcomings of the current legislation and concludes with a summary of the main technical recommendations and future regulatory challenges that need to be undertaken in the future. It is presented as a reference case that can be adapted worldwide.

Suggested Citation

  • Colmenar-Santos, Antonio & Linares-Mena, Ana-Rosa & Molina-Ibáñez, Enrique-Luis & Rosales-Asensio, Enrique & Borge-Diez, David, 2020. "Technical challenges for the optimum penetration of grid-connected photovoltaic systems: Spain as a case study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 2296-2305.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:145:y:2020:i:c:p:2296-2305
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.07.118
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    Cited by:

    1. Kim, Hyunggeun & Park, Sangkyu & Lee, Jongsu, 2021. "Is renewable energy acceptable with power grid expansion? A quantitative study of South Korea's renewable energy acceptance," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    2. Vergara, Pedro P. & Salazar, Mauricio & Mai, Tam T. & Nguyen, Phuong H. & Slootweg, Han, 2020. "A comprehensive assessment of PV inverters operating with droop control for overvoltage mitigation in LV distribution networks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 172-183.
    3. Tianyi Chen & Yaning An & Chye Kiang Heng, 2022. "A Review of Building-Integrated Photovoltaics in Singapore: Status, Barriers, and Prospects," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-25, August.
    4. Dasí-Crespo, Daniel & Roldán-Blay, Carlos & Escrivá-Escrivá, Guillermo & Roldán-Porta, Carlos, 2023. "Evaluation of the Spanish regulation on self-consumption photovoltaic installations. A case study based on a rural municipality in Spain," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 788-802.
    5. Gökay Bayrak & Davut Ertekin & Hassan Haes Alhelou & Pierluigi Siano, 2021. "A Real-Time Energy Management System Design for a Developed PV-Based Distributed Generator Considering the Grid Code Requirements in Turkey," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-21, October.
    6. Jorge Luiz Moreira Pereira & Adonis Ferreira Raiol Leal & Gabriel Oliveira de Almeida & Maria Emília de Lima Tostes, 2021. "Harmonic Effects Due to the High Penetration of Photovoltaic Generation into a Distribution System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-25, July.

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