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Corrosion evaluation of alumina-forming alloys in carbonate molten salt for CSP plants

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  • Fernández, Angel G.
  • Pineda, Fabiola
  • Walczak, Magdalena
  • Cabeza, Luisa F.

Abstract

The use of carbonate molten salts for the new generation of concentrated solar power (CSP) plants have been considered and analysed during the last years to improve the efficiency of energy generation. However, the high temperature and corrosivity of the salts pose a risk on safety and profitability of the technology requiring more resistant materials. In this study, two alumina-forming austenitic (AFA) alloys corresponding to modified OC4 and HR224 grades, were exposed to the eutectic ternary Li2CO3K2CO3Na2CO3 (32.1–34.5–33.4 wt%) salt mixture at 650 °C for 1000 h. The evolution of weight change along the exposure time and analysis of the resulting scales by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES) revealed a good performance of both steel grades associated with the formation of multi-layered corrosion products. Whereas both alloys undergo external oxidation with the formation of NiO, internal oxidation with the formation of two spinels is the case of HR224. The rate of corrosion is significantly lower than those reported in molten carbonated in non-AFA alloys, allowing to recommend OC4 and HR224 for use in the carbonate-based CSP.

Suggested Citation

  • Fernández, Angel G. & Pineda, Fabiola & Walczak, Magdalena & Cabeza, Luisa F., 2019. "Corrosion evaluation of alumina-forming alloys in carbonate molten salt for CSP plants," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 227-233.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:140:y:2019:i:c:p:227-233
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.03.087
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Medrano, Marc & Gil, Antoni & Martorell, Ingrid & Potau, Xavi & Cabeza, Luisa F., 2010. "State of the art on high-temperature thermal energy storage for power generation. Part 2--Case studies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 56-72, January.
    2. Gil, Antoni & Medrano, Marc & Martorell, Ingrid & Lázaro, Ana & Dolado, Pablo & Zalba, Belén & Cabeza, Luisa F., 2010. "State of the art on high temperature thermal energy storage for power generation. Part 1--Concepts, materials and modellization," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 31-55, January.
    3. Fernández, A.G. & Ushak, S. & Galleguillos, H. & Pérez, F.J., 2014. "Development of new molten salts with LiNO3 and Ca(NO3)2 for energy storage in CSP plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 131-140.
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    Cited by:

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    3. Zhao, Y. & Zhao, C.Y. & Markides, C.N. & Wang, H. & Li, W., 2020. "Medium- and high-temperature latent and thermochemical heat storage using metals and metallic compounds as heat storage media: A technical review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
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    5. José Pereira & Ana Moita & António Moreira, 2023. "An Overview of the Molten Salt Nanofluids as Thermal Energy Storage Media," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-51, February.
    6. Angel G. Fernández & Luis González-Fernández & Yaroslav Grosu & Jalel Labidi, 2022. "Physicochemical Characterization of Phase Change Materials for Industrial Waste Heat Recovery Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-12, May.

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