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The advantages of multi-cluster structure in city planning: From nutrient flow balance and environmental protection perspective – Take Beijing for example

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  • Zhang, Fengrong
  • Guo, Lina
  • Xu, Yan
  • Guan, Xiaoke
  • Zhu, Fengkai

Abstract

As the gathering places of various materials and energy flow, cities will be threatened by more environment pressures if these energy and nutrients gathered there were not efficiently disposed. Thus, based on the nutrient cycling principles using greater Beijing municipality as example, we calculated the nutrients supply from human and livestock excreta and crops, as well as nutrients holding capacity of cultivated land under the 15,000kg grain per ha yield condition. The results showed that the nutrients that flow into Beijing is higher than outflow to cultivated land. We recommend organic farming development to fully utilize nutrients from human and livestock excreta, and indicated that we should also adapt multi-cluster urban structure to increase the interface between urban structure and rural farming, and ultimately increase the energy and nutrient exchange efficiency between the two. By adapting this structure, nutrients collected in urban areas could be recycled back to agricultural use, and then the pressure on the urban eco-system could be reduced and improved.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhang, Fengrong & Guo, Lina & Xu, Yan & Guan, Xiaoke & Zhu, Fengkai, 2012. "The advantages of multi-cluster structure in city planning: From nutrient flow balance and environmental protection perspective – Take Beijing for example," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 130-135.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:recore:v:65:y:2012:i:c:p:130-135
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2012.02.011
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Scott F. Sibley, 2009. "Using U.S. Geological Survey Data in Material Flow Analysis," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 13(5), pages 670-673, October.
    2. Frederick W. Allen & Priscilla A. Halloran & Angela H. Leith & M. Clare Lindsay, 2009. "Using Material Flow Analysis for Sustainable Materials Management," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 13(5), pages 662-665, October.
    3. Saumya Sarkar & Jim F. Chamberlain & Shelie A. Miller, 2011. "A Comparison of Two Methods to Conduct Material Flow Analysis on Waste Tires in a Small Island Developing State," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 15(2), pages 300-314, April.
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