The effect of economic and environmental pressure factors on individuals' vaccination strategies in multiplex networks

Vaccination plays a crucial role in disease control as a preventive measure. Individuals' vaccination strategies are predominantly influenced by two primary factors: economics and environmental pressure. In this paper, we present a three-layer coupled network model focusing on co-evolution of the information-vaccination-disease transmission. Within this model, we investigate how economic and environmental pressure factors affect immunization strategies by employing game theory as the analytical framework. Subsequently, we utilize the Microscopic Markov Chain Approach to delineate the dynamic process and establish the disease prevalence threshold. Our research results indicate that, during behavioral decision-making processes, the consideration of economic factors significantly outweighs the influence of environmental pressure in controlling diseases. In terms of economic, restrictive mechanisms are more effective than subsidy mechanisms in controlling the transmission of diseases at a relatively lower cost. Furthermore, from the environmental pressure perspective, local environmental pressure perception exerts a greater influence on disease control compared to global pressure perception. Our research contributes to comprehensively considering economic and environmental pressure factors, offering robust support for a deeper understanding of the co-evolution of information, behavior, and disease dynamics.