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Exit dynamics of occupant evacuation in an emergency

Author

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  • Daoliang, Zhao
  • Lizhong, Yang
  • Jian, Li

Abstract

A two-dimensional Cellular Automata model is proposed to simulate the exit dynamics of occupant evacuation. Concerning the exit width and the door separation, we put forward some useful standpoints: (1) exit width should be bigger than a critical value, and the door separation should be neither too small nor too big; (2) for single-exit door, with the increase of exit width, the flux per unit width will decrease but the total flux will always increase; (3) the total flux of the exit is an increasing nonlinear function of the exit width; (4) the optimal value of the door separation does not vary with the value of exit width; (5) the layout of exits should be symmetry. Those results are helpful in performance-based design of building.

Suggested Citation

  • Daoliang, Zhao & Lizhong, Yang & Jian, Li, 2006. "Exit dynamics of occupant evacuation in an emergency," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 363(2), pages 501-511.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:363:y:2006:i:2:p:501-511
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2005.08.012
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Lakshay, & Bolia, Nomesh B., 2020. "Robust scheduling for large scale evacuation planning," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    2. Kurdi, Heba A. & Al-Megren, Shiroq & Althunyan, Reham & Almulifi, Asma, 2018. "Effect of exit placement on evacuation plans," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 269(2), pages 749-759.
    3. Lu, Peng & Wen, Feier & Li, Yan & Chen, Dianhan, 2021. "Multi-agent modeling of crowd dynamics under mass shooting cases," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 153(P2).
    4. Gwizdałła, Tomasz M., 2015. "Some properties of the floor field cellular automata evacuation model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 419(C), pages 718-728.
    5. Zheng, Ying & Jia, Bin & Li, Xin-Gang & Zhu, Nuo, 2011. "Evacuation dynamics with fire spreading based on cellular automaton," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 390(18), pages 3147-3156.
    6. Guo, Xiwei & Chen, Jianqiao & Zheng, Yaochen & Wei, Junhong, 2012. "A heterogeneous lattice gas model for simulating pedestrian evacuation," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(3), pages 582-592.
    7. Fu, Zhijian & Zhou, Xiaodong & Zhu, Kongjin & Chen, Yanqiu & Zhuang, Yifan & Hu, Yuqi & Yang, Lizhong & Chen, Changkun & Li, Jian, 2015. "A floor field cellular automaton for crowd evacuation considering different walking abilities," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 420(C), pages 294-303.
    8. Zheng, Xiaoping & Li, Wei & Guan, Chao, 2010. "Simulation of evacuation processes in a square with a partition wall using a cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 389(11), pages 2177-2188.
    9. Feliciani, Claudio & Nishinari, Katsuhiro, 2016. "An improved Cellular Automata model to simulate the behavior of high density crowd and validation by experimental data," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 451(C), pages 135-148.
    10. Abdelghany, Ahmed & Abdelghany, Khaled & Mahmassani, Hani & Alhalabi, Wael, 2014. "Modeling framework for optimal evacuation of large-scale crowded pedestrian facilities," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 237(3), pages 1105-1118.
    11. Yue, Hao & Guan, Hongzhi & Zhang, Juan & Shao, Chunfu, 2010. "Study on bi-direction pedestrian flow using cellular automata simulation," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 389(3), pages 527-539.
    12. Sticco, I.M. & Frank, G.A. & Cerrotta, S. & Dorso, C.O., 2017. "Room evacuation through two contiguous exits," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 474(C), pages 172-185.
    13. Haghani, Milad & Sarvi, Majid, 2017. "Social dynamics in emergency evacuations: Disentangling crowd’s attraction and repulsion effects," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 475(C), pages 24-34.
    14. Frank, G.A. & Dorso, C.O., 2011. "Room evacuation in the presence of an obstacle," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 390(11), pages 2135-2145.
    15. Zhao, Daoliang & Yang, Lizhong & Li, Jian, 2008. "Occupants’ behavior of going with the crowd based on cellular automata occupant evacuation model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 387(14), pages 3708-3718.
    16. Fu, Zhijian & Yang, Lizhong & Chen, Yanqiu & Zhu, Kongjin & Zhu, Shi, 2013. "The effect of individual tendency on crowd evacuation efficiency under inhomogeneous exit attraction using a static field modified FFCA model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 392(23), pages 6090-6099.
    17. Zhou, Xuemei & Hu, Jingjie & Ji, Xiangfeng & Xiao, Xiongziyan, 2019. "Cellular automaton simulation of pedestrian flow considering vision and multi-velocity," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 514(C), pages 982-992.

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