An alternative approach to evaluating, measuring, and comparing domestic and international health institutions: Insights from social science theories

Objectives This article introduces the benefits of applying social science theories discussing institutional stasis and change to better measure, explain, and compare elite behavior within health administration and decentralization processes. A new comparative method based on these theories is introduced, as well as methods for collecting and analyzing data.Methods A literature review of health governance, health system governance, and path dependency and institutional change theory was conducted to reveal the limitations of health governance approaches explaining elite behavior. Next, path dependency and institutional change theory was applied to case studies in order to demonstrate their utility in explaining institutional stasis and change.Results Current approaches to analyzing and comparing elite behavior in the health governance frameworks are limited in their ability to accurately explain the willingness of elites to pursue more efficient institutional and policy designs. Current indicators measuring elite behavior are also too static, failing to account for periodic resistance to change and the conditions for it.Conclusions By applying path dependency and institutional change theory, the policy community can obtain greater insight into the willingness and thus capacity of institutions to pursue innovations while developing alternative analytic frameworks and databases that better measure and predict this process.