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Environmental protection tax, green innovation, and environmental, social, and governance performance

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  • Wang, Jia
  • Zhang, Shuying

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of China's Environmental Protection Tax Law, implemented as a quasi-natural experiment, on the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance of listed industrial enterprises from 2012 to 2022. The objective is to gain a better understanding of how this tax influences corporate behavior toward sustainability, addressing a gap in the literature regarding the effect on nonfinancial performance indicators. By employing a dataset of 9077 observations from the Wind and CSMAR databases, we determine whether the tax leads to improved ESG outcomes and fosters green innovation within these enterprises. The findings reveal that the tax significantly enhances the ESG performance of firms, particularly in environmental aspects, by encouraging green innovations. Moreover, the tax's impact is more pronounced in nonstate-owned enterprises than in state-owned ones. These results suggest that similar fiscal policies can effectively drive corporate sustainability; hence, policymakers should leverage economic tools for environmental management.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Jia & Zhang, Shuying, 2024. "Environmental protection tax, green innovation, and environmental, social, and governance performance," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:65:y:2024:i:c:s1544612324006226
    DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2024.105592
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wang, Juxian & Ma, Mengdi & Dong, Tianyi & Zhang, Zheyuan, 2023. "Do ESG ratings promote corporate green innovation? A quasi-natural experiment based on SynTao Green Finance's ESG ratings," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    2. He, Yu & Zhao, Xiaoling & Zheng, Huan, 2023. "How does the environmental protection tax law affect firm ESG? Evidence from the Chinese stock markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(PA).
    3. Wang, Zhen & Chu, Erming & Hao, Yukai, 2024. "Towards sustainable development: How does ESG performance promotes corporate green transformation," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    4. Kong, Dongmin & Liu, Chenhao, 2024. "Centralization and regulatory enforcement: Evidence from personnel authority reform in China," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    5. Umar, Muhammad & Safi, Adnan, 2023. "Do green finance and innovation matter for environmental protection? A case of OECD economies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    6. Liu, Ailan & Dai, Sijia & Wang, Zhixuan, 2023. "Environmental protection tax on enterprise environmental, social and governance performance: A multi-perspective analysis based on financing constraints," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    7. Hu, Shuo & Wang, Ailun & Du, Kerui, 2023. "Environmental tax reform and greenwashing: Evidence from Chinese listed companies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    8. Cheng, Xuanmei & Chen, Kanxiang & Su, Yuxin, 2023. "Green innovation in oil and gas exploration and production for meeting the sustainability goals," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 87(PA).
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    Cited by:

    1. Dou, Weijian & Zhang, Han & Miao, Bowen & Wang, Bin, 2025. "How do analyst attention and green credit promote corporate green innovation?," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    2. Zhang, Jingwei & Leng, Haijuan, 2025. "Does green innovation enhance corporate social responsibility? ——Evidence from China," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    3. Wei Tao & Jian-ya Zhou & Ye-ling Zhao, 2024. "Research on the path of green technology innovation driven by the Environmental Protection Tax Law: Based on data of heavy polluting enterprises," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 19(7), pages 1-17, July.

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