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Development and thermodynamic analysis of an efficient integrated biomass gasification semi-closed supercritical CO2 cycle with negative carbon emission

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  • Liu, Xin
  • Xin, Tuantuan
  • Yang, Wei
  • Xu, Cheng
  • Yang, Yongping

Abstract

Most of biomass-fueled power generation technologies, capable of achieving negative carbon emissions through carbon capture and storage (CCS), face significant challenges due to their low net efficiency. The semi-closed cycle offers the dual advantages of near-complete carbon capture and high efficiency, making it a promising solution for sustainable power generation. This study integrates biomass gasification with the semi-closed cycle and proposes a novel negative carbon emission power generation system, in which all heat released from biomass gasification and synthesis gas combustion is integrated with the highly efficient supercritical CO2 cycle. Moreover, the mechanism of energy conversion and translation is revealed by the thermal cycle splitting analytical method, which can visually clarify the thermodynamic relationship between the fuel combustion and the supercritical CO2 cycle. The impact of different gasification agents (O2/O2&H2O/O2&CO2) on the system energy distribution is investigated. Compared to basic case (net efficiency of 49.76 %), the introduction of CO2 for biomass gasification boosts the net efficiency (49.94 %), while adding H2O decreases it (49.16 %). Furthermore, sensitive analysis of the key parameters is conducted to optimize the net efficiency. Results show that the highest net efficiency is 50.14 % with the specific carbon emission of −673.00 gCO2/kW·h as the gasification temperature and the CO2 to fuel ratio are 1000 °C and 0.80, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Xin & Xin, Tuantuan & Yang, Wei & Xu, Cheng & Yang, Yongping, 2025. "Development and thermodynamic analysis of an efficient integrated biomass gasification semi-closed supercritical CO2 cycle with negative carbon emission," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 339(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:339:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225047462
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.139104
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    References listed on IDEAS

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