IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v328y2025ics0360544225020468.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Two-stage Distributionally robust optimization for hydrogen-IES participation in energy-carbon trading-frequency regulation ancillary services market

Author

Listed:
  • Li, Fei
  • Wang, Dong
  • Guo, Hengdao
  • Liu, Zhan
  • Zhang, Jianhua
  • Lin, Zhifang

Abstract

This study presents a novel hydrogen-Integrated Energy System (HIES) that incorporates hydrogen refinement utilization and participates in the Energy-Carbon Trading Market (CTM)-Frequency Regulation Auxiliary Service Market (FRASM). First, the proposed HIES refines the hydrogen utilization, where the hydrogen produced by surplus electricity is utilized by combustion blending with gas in Combined Heat and Power (CHP) and Gas Boiler (GB), Hydrogen Fuel Cell (HFC), gas synthesis with CO2 and hydrogen storage. Then, multiple markets model, including Energy-FRASM-CTM market are comprehensively and firstly established, where the HIES can aggregate flexible resources to participate in Energy-FRASM, which provide a promising way to reduce operation costs within the CTM. Finally, to mitigate the Renewable Energy (RE) uncertainties within the proposed HIES, the paper implement a two-stage Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) method grounded in comprehensive norm ambiguity. A case study is carried out to corroborate the efficacy of the proposed innovations. The results underscore the remarkable performance of hydrogen refinement utilization on RE accommodation, operation costs and carbon emissions. Moreover, the participation in multiple markets can gain the comprehensive effect, which reduce operation costs by 154.47 % within FRASM and carbon emissions by 12.71 % compared to the scenario without CTM.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Fei & Wang, Dong & Guo, Hengdao & Liu, Zhan & Zhang, Jianhua & Lin, Zhifang, 2025. "Two-stage Distributionally robust optimization for hydrogen-IES participation in energy-carbon trading-frequency regulation ancillary services market," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:328:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225020468
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.136404
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544225020468
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2025.136404?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gao, Chong & Lin, Junjie & Zeng, Jianfeng & Han, Fengwu, 2022. "Wind-photovoltaic co-generation prediction and energy scheduling of low-carbon complex regional integrated energy system with hydrogen industry chain based on copula-MILP," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    2. Duan, Jiandong & Tian, Qinxing & Gao, Qi & Zhou, Zhipeng, 2025. "Day-ahead and intra-day scheduling of integrated electricity-hydrogen-gas energy system considering spectral risk theory," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    3. Cai, Pengcheng & Mi, Yang & Ma, Siyuan & Li, Hongzhong & Li, Dongdong & Wang, Peng, 2023. "Hierarchical game for integrated energy system and electricity-hydrogen hybrid charging station under distributionally robust optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    4. Li, Zichen & Xia, Yanghong & Bo, Yaolong & Wei, Wei, 2024. "Optimal planning for electricity-hydrogen integrated energy system considering multiple timescale operations and representative time-period selection," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 362(C).
    5. Oscar Utomo & Muditha Abeysekera & Carlos E. Ugalde-Loo, 2021. "Optimal Operation of a Hydrogen Storage and Fuel Cell Coupled Integrated Energy System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-17, March.
    6. Pan, Chenyun & Fan, Hongtao & Zhang, Ruixiang & Sun, Jie & Wang, Yu & Sun, Yaojie, 2023. "An improved multi-timescale coordinated control strategy for an integrated energy system with a hybrid energy storage system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 343(C).
    7. Li, Jiamei & Ai, Qian & Chen, Minyu, 2023. "Strategic behavior modeling and energy management for electric-thermal-carbon-natural gas integrated energy system considering ancillary service," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    8. Han, Fengwu & Zeng, Jianfeng & Lin, Junjie & Zhao, Yunlong & Gao, Chong, 2023. "A stochastic hierarchical optimization and revenue allocation approach for multi-regional integrated energy systems based on cooperative games," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 350(C).
    9. Liao, Wei & Xiao, Fu & Li, Yanxue & Zhang, Hanbei & Peng, Jinqing, 2024. "A comparative study of demand-side energy management strategies for building integrated photovoltaics-battery and electric vehicles (EVs) in diversified building communities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 361(C).
    10. Han, Li & Wang, Shiqi & Cheng, Yingjie & Chen, Shuo & Wang, Xiaojing, 2024. "Multi-timescale scheduling of an integrated electric-hydrogen energy system with multiple types of electrolysis cells operating in concert with fuel cells," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    11. Ma, Yiming & Wang, Haixin & Hong, Feng & Yang, Junyou & Chen, Zhe & Cui, Haoqian & Feng, Jiawei, 2021. "Modeling and optimization of combined heat and power with power-to-gas and carbon capture system in integrated energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).
    12. Maluenda, Martín & Córdova, Samuel & Lorca, Álvaro & Negrete-Pincetic, Matías, 2023. "Optimal operation scheduling of a PV-BESS-Electrolyzer system for hydrogen production and frequency regulation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 344(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Li, Fei & Wang, Dong & Guo, Hengdao & Zhang, Jianhua, 2024. "Distributionally Robust Optimization for integrated energy system accounting for refinement utilization of hydrogen and ladder-type carbon trading mechanism," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 367(C).
    2. Zhang, Xiaofeng & Zhan, Yu & Zhao, Tingbo & Mei, Jin & Jiao, Fan & Zeng, Rong & Sun, Xiaoqin & Wang, Meng, 2024. "Three-stage optimization of integrated energy system considering source/load uncertainties and orderly charging of NEVs," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    3. Du, Yida & Li, Xiangguang & Liang, Yan & Tan, Zhongfu, 2024. "Two-stage multi-objective distributionally robust optimization of the electricity-hydrogen coupling system under multiple markets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    4. Zhao, Yunlong & Han, Fengwu & Zeng, Jianfeng & Zhang, Shengnan & Wu, Tianyu & Zhou, Luming & Gao, Jianwei, 2024. "Coordinated optimization of integrated rural multiple regional energy systems considering electricity to ammonia and improved Shapley value revenue allocation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    5. Huang, Shangjiu & Lu, Hao & Chen, Maozhi & Zhao, Wenjun, 2023. "Integrated energy system scheduling considering the correlation of uncertainties," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    6. Superchi, Francesco & Moustakis, Antonis & Pechlivanoglou, George & Bianchini, Alessandro, 2025. "On the importance of degradation modeling for the robust design of hybrid energy systems including renewables and storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PD).
    7. Yin, Boyi & Zhu, Wenjiang & Tang, Cheng & Wang, Can & Xu, Xinhai, 2025. "Hierarchical optimal scheduling of IES considering SOFC degradation, internal and external uncertainties," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 381(C).
    8. Lin, Xiaojie & Lin, Xueru & Zhong, Wei & Zhou, Yi, 2024. "Multi-time scale dynamic operation optimization method for industrial park electricity-heat-gas integrated energy system considering demand elasticity," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    9. Du, Yida & Li, Xiangguang & Tan, Caixia & Tan, Zhongfu, 2024. "Two-stage multi-objective distributionally robust operation optimization and benefits equalization of an off-grid type electric-hydrogen-ammonia-methanol coupling system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).
    10. Gabriele Loreti & Andrea Luigi Facci & Stefano Ubertini, 2021. "High-Efficiency Combined Heat and Power through a High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-24, November.
    11. Engstam, Linus & Janke, Leandro & Sundberg, Cecilia & Nordberg, Åke, 2025. "Optimising power-to-gas integration with wastewater treatment and biogas: A techno-economic assessment of CO2 and by-product utilisation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PB).
    12. Zhang, Zhonglian & Yang, Xiaohui & Li, Moxuan & Deng, Fuwei & Xiao, Riying & Mei, Linghao & Hu, Zecheng, 2023. "Optimal configuration of improved dynamic carbon neutral energy systems based on hybrid energy storage and market incentives," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    13. Qinqin Xia & Yao Zou & Qianggang Wang, 2024. "Optimal Capacity Planning of Green Electricity-Based Industrial Electricity-Hydrogen Multi-Energy System Considering Variable Unit Cost Sequence," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-20, April.
    14. Félix González & Paul Arévalo & Luis Ramirez, 2025. "Game Theory and Robust Predictive Control for Peer-to-Peer Energy Management: A Pathway to a Low-Carbon Economy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-23, February.
    15. Ye, Jin & Shuai, Qilin & Hua, Qingsong, 2025. "Dynamic programming-based low-carbon and economic scheduling of integrated energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).
    16. Anjie Lu & Jianguo Zhou & Minglei Qin & Danchen Liu, 2024. "Considering Carbon–Hydrogen Coupled Integrated Energy Systems: A Pathway to Sustainable Energy Transition in China Under Uncertainty," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-32, October.
    17. Adil, Muhammad & Mahmud, M.A. Parvez & Kouzani, Abbas Z. & Khoo, Sui Yang, 2024. "Three-stage energy trading framework for retailers, charging stations, and electric vehicles: A game-theoretic approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    18. Taslimi, Melika & Khosravi, Ali, 2025. "Flexibility and profitability in power-to-methanol plants: Integrating storage solutions and reserve market participation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 327(C).
    19. Zubi, Ghassan & Kuhn, Maximilian & Makridis, Sofoklis & Coutinho, Savio & Dorasamy, Stanley, 2025. "Aviation sector decarbonization within the hydrogen economy – A UAE case study," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    20. Tang, Bao-Jun & Cao, Xi-Lin & Li, Ru & Xiang, Zhi-Bo & Zhang, Sen, 2024. "Economic and low-carbon planning for interconnected integrated energy systems considering emerging technologies and future development trends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:328:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225020468. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.