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Experimental study on dynamic response of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack based on two-point voltage monitor

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  • Liu, Zhao
  • Chen, Huicui
  • Zhang, Tong

Abstract

The dynamic behavior of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack during the loading process significantly impacts its durability. To improve the dynamic performance, this study experimentally investigates a 1-kW PEMFC stack by loading it from the open-circuit state to the rated state using a two-point voltage monitor. The response characteristics of the stack under different constant loading amplitude strategies are firstly examined, focusing on the voltage consistency among cells, voltage uniformity within each cell, and voltage undershoot during these dynamic processes. Notably, significant voltage consistency and uniformity peaks are observed at the initial loading moment under constant loading amplitude strategies. To address this, variable loading amplitude strategies which reduce the initial changing amplitude are developed and compared. Finally, an innovative optimized loading strategy, Strategy X, is proposed. It eliminates the 0.055 V voltage undershoot that occurs under Strategy II without compromising the response speed, and meanwhile lowers the maximum peaks of CV,stack,in, CV,stack,out, and CV,cell from 6.33 %, 6.08 %, and 8.13 % under Strategy II to 1.58 %, 2.22 %, and 2.60 %, respectively. Strategy X significantly improves the dynamic performance of the PEMFC stack, making it the optimal loading strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Zhao & Chen, Huicui & Zhang, Tong, 2025. "Experimental study on dynamic response of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack based on two-point voltage monitor," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:322:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225013325
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.135690
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    References listed on IDEAS

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