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Thermal equalization design for the battery energy storage system (BESS) of a fully electric ship

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  • Liu, Shujun
  • Wang, Yao
  • Liu, Qi
  • Panchal, Satyam
  • Zhao, Jiapei
  • Fowler, Michael
  • Fraser, Roydon
  • Yuan, Jinliang

Abstract

The adoption of fully electric ships represents a significant step forward in addressing the environmental challenges of climate change and pollution in the shipping industry. This research details the optimized design of a battery energy storage system (BESS) and its air-cooling thermal management system for a 2000-ton bulk cargo ship. In comparison to the conventional flow splitter (FS-I), which divides airflow into 8 transverse branches, two novel designs—FS-II (dividing airflow into 2, 4, and 8 branches) and FS-III (dividing into 2, 4, 8, and 16 longitudinal and transverse branches)—were introduced. FS-II improves flow uniformity from 0.42 (FS-I) to 0.86 but results in an increased pressure drop up to 881.47 Pa. FS-III further enhances flow uniformity to 0.97 while reducing pressure drop to 191.99 Pa. Under extreme conditions and the entire voyage cycle, the comprehensive assessment of thermal performance was conducted on three battery boxes with FS-I, FS-II, and FS-III, respectively. FS-III exhibited superior thermal regulation, maintaining Tmax consistently below 33.9 °C during the entire voyage. These findings provide valuable insights for designing thermal management systems in electric ships.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Shujun & Wang, Yao & Liu, Qi & Panchal, Satyam & Zhao, Jiapei & Fowler, Michael & Fraser, Roydon & Yuan, Jinliang, 2024. "Thermal equalization design for the battery energy storage system (BESS) of a fully electric ship," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 312(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:312:y:2024:i:c:s0360544224033899
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133611
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Suneet Singh & Ashish Dwivedi & Saurabh Pratap, 2023. "Sustainable Maritime Freight Transportation: Current Status and Future Directions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-23, April.
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    1. Jakub Grela & Aleksander Skała & Dominik Latoń & Katarzyna Bańczyk, 2025. "Enhancing Energy Autonomy in an e-Houseboat: Integration of Renewable Energy Sources with Hybrid Energy Storage Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-31, February.

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