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The effects of improper refrigerant charge on the performance of a heat pump with an electronic expansion valve and capillary tube

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  • Choi, J.M
  • Kim, Y.C

Abstract

For inverter heat pumps and multi-type heat pumps, conventional expansion devices such as capillary tubes, short tube orifices, and thermostatic expansion valves (TXVs) are being gradually replaced with electronic expansion valves (EEVs) because of the increasing focus on comfort and energy conservation. In this study, the effects of off-design refrigerant charge on the performance of a water-to-water heat pump are investigated by varying refrigerant charge amount from −20% to +20% of full charge in a steady state, cooling mode operation with expansion devices of capillary tube and EEV. The characteristics of the heat pump with an EEV are compared with those with a capillary tube. The capillary tube system is more sensitive to off-design charge as compared with the EEV system. Cooling capacity and COP of the EEV system show little dependence on refrigerant charge, while those are strongly dependent on outdoor conditions. In general, for a wide range of operating conditions the EEV system shows much higher performance as compared with the capillary tube system. The performance of the EEV system can be optimized by adjusting the EEV opening to maintain a constant superheat at all test conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Choi, J.M & Kim, Y.C, 2002. "The effects of improper refrigerant charge on the performance of a heat pump with an electronic expansion valve and capillary tube," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 27(4), pages 391-404.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:27:y:2002:i:4:p:391-404
    DOI: 10.1016/S0360-5442(01)00093-7
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    Cited by:

    1. Park, Young Sung & Jeong, Ji Hwan & Ahn, Byoung Ha, 2014. "Heat pump control method based on direct measurement of evaporation pressure to improve energy efficiency and indoor air temperature stability at a low cooling load condition," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 99-107.
    2. Belman-Flores, J.M. & Barroso-Maldonado, J.M. & Rodríguez-Muñoz, A.P. & Camacho-Vázquez, G., 2015. "Enhancements in domestic refrigeration, approaching a sustainable refrigerator – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 955-968.
    3. Qu, Minglu & Xia, Liang & Deng, Shiming & Jiang, Yiqiang, 2012. "An experimental investigation on reverse-cycle defrosting performance for an air source heat pump using an electronic expansion valve," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 327-333.
    4. Jun Kwon Hwang & Patrick Nzivugira Duhirwe & Geun Young Yun & Sukho Lee & Hyeongjoon Seo & Inhan Kim & Mat Santamouris, 2020. "A Novel Hybrid Deep Neural Network Model to Predict the Refrigerant Charge Amount of Heat Pumps," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-23, April.
    5. Bolaji, B.O., 2010. "Experimental study of R152a and R32 to replace R134a in a domestic refrigerator," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(9), pages 3793-3798.
    6. Ze Zhang & Xiaojun Dong & Zheng Ren & Tianwei Lai & Yu Hou, 2017. "Influence of Refrigerant Charge Amount and EEV Opening on the Performance of a Transcritical CO 2 Heat Pump Water Heater," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-14, October.
    7. Chae, Jung-Hoon & Choi, Jong Min, 2015. "Evaluation of the impacts of high stage refrigerant charge on cascade heat pump performance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 66-71.
    8. Kang Li & Jun Yu & Mingkang Liu & Dan Xu & Lin Su & Yidong Fang, 2020. "A Study of Optimal Refrigerant Charge Amount Determination for Air-Conditioning Heat Pump System in Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-18, February.

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