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Statistical evaluation of the effect of water percentage in water-diesel emulsion on the engine performance and exhaust emission parameters

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  • Seifi, Mohammad Reza
  • Desideri, Umberto
  • Ghorbani, Zahra
  • Antonelli, Marco
  • Frigo, Stefano
  • Hassan-Beygi, Seyed Reza
  • Ghobadian, Barat

Abstract

This research presents the results of statistical significance tests for evaluating the main effect of water-diesel emulsion usage (containing 2%, 5%, 8% and 10% by vol.) and engine load on the engine performance and emission parameters. To exclude inevitable random errors of measurements, the mean values of measured data were compared using Duncan's multiple range tests (MRT). The decrease in heating value and increase in fuel density and viscosity were observed with increasing water content. Although the fuel pour point decreased with water presence, but it didn't depend to water percentage. The combustion of emulsions significantly decreased the engine power and torque at 1% probability level (P < 0.01) due to the reduction in the heating value of emulsions. The lowest brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) was observed for E2. Generally higher brake thermal efficiency was found for emulsions due to more complete combustion. The significant decrease (P < 0.01) in combustion temperature for E5, E8 and E10, increased the engine CO and decreased its CO2. Emulsion usage decreased engine NOx through reducing combustion temperature when compared to neat diesel. As a whole, E5 with highest improvement in the engine HC, NOx and CO2 could be the best suggestion to decrease undesirable engine emission.

Suggested Citation

  • Seifi, Mohammad Reza & Desideri, Umberto & Ghorbani, Zahra & Antonelli, Marco & Frigo, Stefano & Hassan-Beygi, Seyed Reza & Ghobadian, Barat, 2019. "Statistical evaluation of the effect of water percentage in water-diesel emulsion on the engine performance and exhaust emission parameters," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 797-806.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:180:y:2019:i:c:p:797-806
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.04.093
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Kumar, Himansh & Sarma, A.K. & Kumar, Pramod, 2020. "A comprehensive review on preparation, characterization, and combustion characteristics of microemulsion based hybrid biofuels," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
    6. Chen, Zaiwang & Cai, Yikang & Xu, Guangfu & Duan, Huiquan & Jia, Ming, 2022. "Exploring the potential of water injection (WI) in a high-load diesel engine under different fuel injection strategies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    7. Ismael, Mhadi A. & A. Aziz, A. Rashid & Mohammed, Salah E. & Zainal A, Ezrann Z. & Baharom, Masri B. & Hagos, Ftwi Yohaness, 2021. "Macroscopic and microscopic spray structure of water-in-diesel emulsions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    8. Gowrishankar, Sudarshan & Krishnasamy, Anand, 2023. "Emulsification – A promising approach to improve performance and reduce exhaust emissions of a biodiesel fuelled light-duty diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PC).

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