IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v134y2017icp1053-1067.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

An optimal versatile control approach for plug-in electric vehicles to integrate renewable energy sources and smart grids

Author

Listed:
  • Rahbari, Omid
  • Vafaeipour, Majid
  • Omar, Noshin
  • Rosen, Marc A.
  • Hegazy, Omar
  • Timmermans, Jean-Marc
  • Heibati, Seyedmohammadreza
  • Bossche, Peter Van Den

Abstract

This study proposes a practical solution to deal with challenges of integrating renewable energy sources and electric vehicles into the electric grid, considering generation source intermittency and energy usage inconsistency, via a new adaptive intelligent controller. The present research describes a smart grid consisting of power plants and distributed generation, fueled via photovoltaic panels and wind turbines, and augmented with electric vehicles as power storage devices. Employing a parking lot to deal with challenges such as low penetration of the electric vehicles embedded with Vehicle-to-Grid functionalities encounters two difficulties: where they should be installed, and modeling of bi-directional power flow between electric vehicles, the grid, and the distributed generation system. In this regard, a nonlinear multi-objective problem is designed and solved via employing the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II, and the forward and backward substitution method. In addition, Newton-Raphson Power Flow is adopted and modified to calculate the power flow of the distribution network. The results related to optimal placement and sizing of hybrid renewable energy systems show that bus 16 of the studied grid is the best place to integrate a parking lot – equipped with 117 photovoltaic and 10 wind turbine units - to the tested IEEE-26 buses. Furthermore, this study suggests that the aforementioned grid could employ a complex versatile control unit able to optimize the operating point, scheduling charging and discharging for a large number of electric vehicles while considering the technical aspects (total active power loss and voltage deviation). In this regard, a new hybrid control approach based on Particle Swarm Optimization-Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System tuned via utilizing the optimal power flow problem is proposed. The controller's superiority to handle grid-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid services is discussed and compared to other studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Rahbari, Omid & Vafaeipour, Majid & Omar, Noshin & Rosen, Marc A. & Hegazy, Omar & Timmermans, Jean-Marc & Heibati, Seyedmohammadreza & Bossche, Peter Van Den, 2017. "An optimal versatile control approach for plug-in electric vehicles to integrate renewable energy sources and smart grids," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 1053-1067.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:134:y:2017:i:c:p:1053-1067
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.06.007
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544217309982
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2017.06.007?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Stevanović, Sanja, 2013. "Optimization of passive solar design strategies: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 177-196.
    2. Sovacool, Benjamin K. & Hirsh, Richard F., 2009. "Beyond batteries: An examination of the benefits and barriers to plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) transition," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 1095-1103, March.
    3. Iqbal, M. & Azam, M. & Naeem, M. & Khwaja, A.S. & Anpalagan, A., 2014. "Optimization classification, algorithms and tools for renewable energy: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 640-654.
    4. Omar, Noshin & Monem, Mohamed Abdel & Firouz, Yousef & Salminen, Justin & Smekens, Jelle & Hegazy, Omar & Gaulous, Hamid & Mulder, Grietus & Van den Bossche, Peter & Coosemans, Thierry & Van Mierlo, J, 2014. "Lithium iron phosphate based battery – Assessment of the aging parameters and development of cycle life model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1575-1585.
    5. Mwasilu, Francis & Justo, Jackson John & Kim, Eun-Kyung & Do, Ton Duc & Jung, Jin-Woo, 2014. "Electric vehicles and smart grid interaction: A review on vehicle to grid and renewable energy sources integration," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 501-516.
    6. Graditi, G. & Ippolito, M.G. & Telaretti, E. & Zizzo, G., 2016. "Technical and economical assessment of distributed electrochemical storages for load shifting applications: An Italian case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 515-523.
    7. Noshin Omar & Mohamed Daowd & Peter van den Bossche & Omar Hegazy & Jelle Smekens & Thierry Coosemans & Joeri van Mierlo, 2012. "Rechargeable Energy Storage Systems for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles—Assessment of Electrical Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(8), pages 1-37, August.
    8. Tie, Siang Fui & Tan, Chee Wei, 2013. "A review of energy sources and energy management system in electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 82-102.
    9. Mirzaei, Mohammad Javad & Kazemi, Ahad & Homaee, Omid, 2014. "Real-world based approach for optimal management of electric vehicles in an intelligent parking lot considering simultaneous satisfaction of vehicle owners and parking operator," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 345-356.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Talavera, D.L. & Muñoz-Rodriguez, F.J. & Jimenez-Castillo, G. & Rus-Casas, C., 2019. "A new approach to sizing the photovoltaic generator in self-consumption systems based on cost–competitiveness, maximizing direct self-consumption," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 1021-1035.
    2. Sharma, S. & Jain, Prerna, 2023. "Risk-averse integrated DR and dynamic V2G scheduling of parking lot operator for enhanced market efficiency," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    3. David Borge-Diez & Pedro Miguel Ortega-Cabezas & Antonio Colmenar-Santos & Jorge Juan Blanes-Peiró, 2021. "Contribution of Driving Efficiency to Vehicle-to-Building," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-30, June.
    4. Jiménez-Castillo, G. & Muñoz-Rodriguez, F.J. & Rus-Casas, C. & Talavera, D.L., 2020. "A new approach based on economic profitability to sizing the photovoltaic generator in self-consumption systems without storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 1017-1033.
    5. Tran, Dai-Duong & Vafaeipour, Majid & El Baghdadi, Mohamed & Barrero, Ricardo & Van Mierlo, Joeri & Hegazy, Omar, 2020. "Thorough state-of-the-art analysis of electric and hybrid vehicle powertrains: Topologies and integrated energy management strategies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    6. Tronchin, Lamberto & Manfren, Massimiliano & Nastasi, Benedetto, 2018. "Energy efficiency, demand side management and energy storage technologies – A critical analysis of possible paths of integration in the built environment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 341-353.
    7. Figueiredo, Raquel & Nunes, Pedro & Brito, Miguel C., 2017. "The feasibility of solar parking lots for electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 1182-1197.
    8. Xiaoxu Yang & Yuming Liu & Kai Liu & Guangzhong Hu & Xi Zhao, 2022. "Research on Promotion and Application Strategy of Electric Equipment in Plateau Railway Tunnel Based on Evolutionary Game," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-19, November.
    9. Stavros Lazarou & Vasiliki Vita & Christos Christodoulou & Lambros Ekonomou, 2018. "Calculating Operational Patterns for Electric Vehicle Charging on a Real Distribution Network Based on Renewables’ Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-15, September.
    10. Aghajani, Saemeh & Kalantar, Mohsen, 2017. "Optimal scheduling of distributed energy resources in smart grids: A complementarity approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 2135-2144.
    11. Mostafa Rezaeimozafar & Mohsen Eskandari & Mohammad Hadi Amini & Mohammad Hasan Moradi & Pierluigi Siano, 2020. "A Bi-Layer Multi-Objective Techno-Economical Optimization Model for Optimal Integration of Distributed Energy Resources into Smart/Micro Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-25, April.
    12. Rayhane Koubaa & Yeliz Yoldas & Selcuk Goren & Lotfi Krichen & Ahmet Onen, 2021. "Implementation of cost benefit analysis of vehicle to grid coupled real Micro-Grid by considering battery energy wear: Practical study case," Energy & Environment, , vol. 32(7), pages 1292-1314, November.
    13. Walter Leal Filho & Peter Yang & João Henrique Paulino Pires Eustachio & Anabela Marisa Azul & Joshua C. Gellers & Agata Gielczyk & Maria Alzira Pimenta Dinis & Valerija Kozlova, 2023. "Deploying digitalisation and artificial intelligence in sustainable development research," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(6), pages 4957-4988, June.
    14. Seddig, Katrin & Jochem, Patrick & Fichtner, Wolf, 2017. "Integrating renewable energy sources by electric vehicle fleets under uncertainty," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 2145-2153.
    15. Jenn, Alan PhD & Brown, Austin PhD, 2021. "Green Charging of Electric Vehicles Under a Net-Zero Emissions Policy Transition in California," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt2rv3h345, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    16. Seddig, Katrin & Jochem, Patrick & Fichtner, Wolf, 2019. "Two-stage stochastic optimization for cost-minimal charging of electric vehicles at public charging stations with photovoltaics," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 769-781.
    17. Omid Rahbari & Noshin Omar & Joeri Van Mierlo & Marc A. Rosen & Thierry Coosemans & Maitane Berecibar, 2019. "Electric Vehicle Battery Lifetime Extension through an Intelligent Double-Layer Control Scheme," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-24, April.
    18. Jenn, Alan, 2023. "Emissions of electric vehicles in California’s transition to carbon neutrality," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 339(C).
    19. Rahbari, Omid & Omar, Noshin & Firouz, Yousef & Rosen, Marc A. & Goutam, Shovon & Van Den Bossche, Peter & Van Mierlo, Joeri, 2018. "A novel state of charge and capacity estimation technique for electric vehicles connected to a smart grid based on inverse theory and a metaheuristic algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 1047-1058.
    20. Sidra Mumtaz & Saima Ali & Saghir Ahmad & Laiq Khan & Syed Zulqadar Hassan & Tariq Kamal, 2017. "Energy Management and Control of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in a Grid-Connected Hybrid Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-21, November.
    21. Zhou, Yuekuan & Cao, Sunliang & Hensen, Jan L.M. & Lund, Peter D., 2019. "Energy integration and interaction between buildings and vehicles: A state-of-the-art review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 1-1.
    22. Stavros Lazarou & Vasiliki Vita & Lambros Ekonomou, 2018. "Protection Schemes of Meshed Distribution Networks for Smart Grids and Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-17, November.
    23. Mahyar Alinejad & Omid Rezaei & Reza Habibifar & Mahdi Azimian, 2022. "A Charge/Discharge Plan for Electric Vehicles in an Intelligent Parking Lot Considering Destructive Random Decisions, and V2G and V2V Energy Transfer Modes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-22, October.
    24. Ji, Shou-feng & Zhao, Dan & Luo, Rong-juan, 2019. "Evolutionary game analysis on local governments and manufacturers' behavioral strategies: Impact of phasing out subsidies for new energy vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Rae, Callum & Kerr, Sandy & Maroto-Valer, M. Mercedes, 2020. "Upscaling smart local energy systems: A review of technical barriers," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    2. Berecibar, M. & Gandiaga, I. & Villarreal, I. & Omar, N. & Van Mierlo, J. & Van den Bossche, P., 2016. "Critical review of state of health estimation methods of Li-ion batteries for real applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 572-587.
    3. Shovon Goutam & Jean-Marc Timmermans & Noshin Omar & Peter Van den Bossche & Joeri Van Mierlo, 2015. "Comparative Study of Surface Temperature Behavior of Commercial Li-Ion Pouch Cells of Different Chemistries and Capacities by Infrared Thermography," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-18, August.
    4. Sovacool, Benjamin K. & Kester, Johannes & Noel, Lance & Zarazua de Rubens, Gerardo, 2020. "Actors, business models, and innovation activity systems for vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    5. Ruben Garruto & Michela Longo & Wahiba Yaïci & Federica Foiadelli, 2020. "Connecting Parking Facilities to the Electric Grid: A Vehicle-to-Grid Feasibility Study in a Railway Station’s Car Park," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-23, June.
    6. Das, H.S. & Rahman, M.M. & Li, S. & Tan, C.W., 2020. "Electric vehicles standards, charging infrastructure, and impact on grid integration: A technological review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    7. Odile Capron & Ahmadou Samba & Noshin Omar & Peter Van Den Bossche & Joeri Van Mierlo, 2015. "Thermal Behaviour Investigation of a Large and High Power Lithium Iron Phosphate Cylindrical Cell," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-26, September.
    8. Colmenar-Santos, A. & de Palacio-Rodriguez, Carlos & Rosales-Asensio, Enrique & Borge-Diez, David, 2017. "Estimating the benefits of vehicle-to-home in islands: The case of the Canary Islands," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 311-322.
    9. Yong, Jia Ying & Ramachandaramurthy, Vigna K. & Tan, Kang Miao & Mithulananthan, N., 2015. "A review on the state-of-the-art technologies of electric vehicle, its impacts and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 365-385.
    10. Samuel Pelletier & Ola Jabali & Gilbert Laporte, 2016. "50th Anniversary Invited Article—Goods Distribution with Electric Vehicles: Review and Research Perspectives," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(1), pages 3-22, February.
    11. Hota, Ashish Ranjan & Juvvanapudi, Mahesh & Bajpai, Prabodh, 2014. "Issues and solution approaches in PHEV integration to smart grid," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 217-229.
    12. Shaukat, N. & Khan, B. & Ali, S.M. & Mehmood, C.A. & Khan, J. & Farid, U. & Majid, M. & Anwar, S.M. & Jawad, M. & Ullah, Z., 2018. "A survey on electric vehicle transportation within smart grid system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 1329-1349.
    13. Geske, Joachim & Schumann, Diana, 2018. "Willing to participate in vehicle-to-grid (V2G)? Why not!," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 392-401.
    14. Fuad Un-Noor & Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban & Lucian Mihet-Popa & Mohammad Nurunnabi Mollah & Eklas Hossain, 2017. "A Comprehensive Study of Key Electric Vehicle (EV) Components, Technologies, Challenges, Impacts, and Future Direction of Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-84, August.
    15. Wieczorek, Maciej & Lewandowski, Mirosław, 2017. "A mathematical representation of an energy management strategy for hybrid energy storage system in electric vehicle and real time optimization using a genetic algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 222-233.
    16. Gaizka Saldaña & José Ignacio San Martín & Inmaculada Zamora & Francisco Javier Asensio & Oier Oñederra, 2019. "Analysis of the Current Electric Battery Models for Electric Vehicle Simulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-27, July.
    17. Oussama Ouramdane & Elhoussin Elbouchikhi & Yassine Amirat & Ehsan Sedgh Gooya, 2021. "Optimal Sizing and Energy Management of Microgrids with Vehicle-to-Grid Technology: A Critical Review and Future Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-45, July.
    18. Pelletier, Samuel & Jabali, Ola & Laporte, Gilbert & Veneroni, Marco, 2017. "Battery degradation and behaviour for electric vehicles: Review and numerical analyses of several models," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 158-187.
    19. Li, Yan & Dong, Yuxing & Zhang, Qiang & Cao, Lihua, 2014. "Design, analysis and implementation of a constant-voltage power generation system based on a novel memory machine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 875-883.
    20. Babu, Ajay & Ashok, S., 2015. "Improved parallel mild hybrids for urban roads," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 276-283.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:134:y:2017:i:c:p:1053-1067. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.