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China׳s energy security: Oil and gas

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  • Wu, Kang

Abstract

China is currently the largest energy consuming country in the world. Until the early 1990s, China had long been a net energy exporter. The country became a net oil importer in 1993, the first time since the 1960s. For China, energy security first means oil supply security. China turned into a net natural gas importer in 2007 and then a net coal importer in 2009. In other words, China is now a net importer of all three types of fossil energy—oil, natural gas, and coal.

Suggested Citation

  • Wu, Kang, 2014. "China׳s energy security: Oil and gas," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 4-11.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:73:y:2014:i:c:p:4-11
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2014.05.040
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    Cited by:

    1. Shao, Yanmin & Qiao, Han & Wang, Shouyang, 2017. "What determines China's crude oil importing trade patterns? Empirical evidences from 55 countries between 1992 and 2015," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 854-862.
    2. Pan, Xunzhang & Wang, Lining & Dai, Jiaquan & Zhang, Qi & Peng, Tianduo & Chen, Wenying, 2020. "Analysis of China’s oil and gas consumption under different scenarios toward 2050: An integrated modeling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    3. Liedtke, Stephan, 2017. "Chinese energy investments in Europe: An analysis of policy drivers and approaches," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 659-669.
    4. Ur Rahman, Zia & Iqbal Khattak, Shoukat & Ahmad, Manzoor & Khan, Anwar, 2020. "A disaggregated-level analysis of the relationship among energy production, energy consumption and economic growth: Evidence from China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
    5. Yu, Zhen & Xiao, Yao & Li, Jinpo, 2021. "How does geopolitical uncertainty affect Chinese overseas investment in the energy sector? Evidence from the South China Sea Dispute," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    6. Matsumoto, Ken’ichi & Shiraki, Hiroto, 2018. "Energy security performance in Japan under different socioeconomic and energy conditions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 391-401.
    7. Lu, Hongfang & Xu, FengYing & Liu, Hongxiao & Wang, Jun & Campbell, Daniel E. & Ren, Hai, 2019. "Emergy-based analysis of the energy security of China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 123-135.
    8. Zhou, Na & Wu, Qiaosheng & Hu, Xiangping & Zhu, Yongguang & Su, Hui & Xue, Shuangjiao, 2020. "Synthesized indicator for evaluating security of strategic minerals in China: A case study of lithium," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    9. Xie, Minghua & Wei, Xiaonan & Chen, Chuanglian & Sun, Chuanwang, 2022. "China's natural gas production peak and energy return on investment (EROI): From the perspective of energy security," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    10. Aleksei V. Bogoviz & Yulia V. Ragulina & Svetlana V. Lobova & Alexander N. Alekseev, 2019. "A quantitative Analysis of Energy Security Performance by Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa in 1990-2015," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 9(3), pages 244-250.
    11. Ji, Qiang & Zhang, Hai-Ying & Zhang, Dayong, 2019. "The impact of OPEC on East Asian oil import security: A multidimensional analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 99-107.
    12. Dong, Feng & Liu, Yajie, 2020. "Policy evolution and effect evaluation of new-energy vehicle industry in China," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    13. Sun, Wei & Xu, Yanfeng, 2016. "Financial security evaluation of the electric power industry in China based on a back propagation neural network optimized by genetic algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 366-379.
    14. Ang, B.W. & Choong, W.L. & Ng, T.S., 2015. "Energy security: Definitions, dimensions and indexes," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 1077-1093.
    15. Ding Chen & Umar Muhammad Gummi & Junping Wang, 2024. "Does Renminbi internationalization matter for petroleum security in China? Evidence from a disaggregate analysis," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(1), pages 961-974, January.
    16. Raghoo, Pravesh & Surroop, Dinesh & Wolf, Franziska & Leal Filho, Walter & Jeetah, Pratima & Delakowitz, Bernd, 2018. "Dimensions of energy security in Small Island Developing States," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 94-101.
    17. Zhou, Na & Wu, Qiaosheng & Hu, Xiangping & Xu, Deyi & Wang, Xiaolin, 2020. "Evaluation of Chinese natural gas investment along the Belt and Road Initiative using super slacks-based measurement of efficiency method," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    18. Zhao, Yong & Shi, Xunpeng & Song, Feng, 2020. "Has Chinese outward foreign direct investment in energy enhanced China's energy security?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).

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