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Slope, aspect and climate: Spatially explicit and implicit models of topographic microclimate in chalk grassland

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  • Bennie, Jonathan
  • Huntley, Brian
  • Wiltshire, Andrew
  • Hill, Mark O.
  • Baxter, Robert

Abstract

The slope and aspect of a vegetated surface strongly affects the amount of solar radiation intercepted by that surface. Solar radiation is the dominant component of the surface energy balance and influences ecologically critical factors of microclimate, including near-surface temperatures, evaporative demand and soil moisture content. It also determines the exposure of vegetation to photosynthetically active and ultra-violet wavelengths. Spatial variation in slope and aspect is therefore a key determinant of vegetation pattern, species distribution and ecosystem processes in many environments. Slope and aspect angle may vary considerably over distances of a few metres, and fine-scale species’ distribution patterns frequently follow these topographic patterns. The availability of suitable microclimate at such scales may be critical for the response of species distributions to climatic change at much larger spatial scales. However, quantifying the relevant microclimatic gradients is not straightforward, as the potential variation in solar radiation flux under clear-sky conditions is modified by local and regional variations in cloud cover, and interacts with long-wave radiation exchange, local meteorology and surface characteristics.

Suggested Citation

  • Bennie, Jonathan & Huntley, Brian & Wiltshire, Andrew & Hill, Mark O. & Baxter, Robert, 2008. "Slope, aspect and climate: Spatially explicit and implicit models of topographic microclimate in chalk grassland," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 216(1), pages 47-59.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecomod:v:216:y:2008:i:1:p:47-59
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.04.010
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Perry, George L.W. & Enright, Neal J., 2007. "Contrasting outcomes of spatially implicit and spatially explicit models of vegetation dynamics in a forest-shrubland mosaic," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 207(2), pages 327-338.
    2. C. D. Thomas & E. J. Bodsworth & R. J. Wilson & A. D. Simmons & Z. G. Davies & M. Musche & L. Conradt, 2001. "Ecological and evolutionary processes at expanding range margins," Nature, Nature, vol. 411(6837), pages 577-581, May.
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    2. Guoming Du & Tongbing Guo & Chen Ma, 2022. "Effects of Topographic Factors on Cultivated-Land Ridge Orientation in the Black Soil Region of Songnen Plain," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-13, September.
    3. Barton, Madeleine & Parry, Hazel & Ward, Samantha & Hoffmann, Ary A. & Umina, Paul A. & van Helden, Maarten & Macfadyen, Sarina, 2021. "Forecasting impacts of biological control under future climates: mechanistic modelling of an aphid pest and a parasitic wasp," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 457(C).
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    5. Maclean, Ilya M.D. & Klinges, David H., 2021. "Microclimc: A mechanistic model of above, below and within-canopy microclimate," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 451(C).
    6. Yue Zhang & Wenxiong Jia & Le Yang & Guofeng Zhu & Xin Lan & Huifang Luo & Zhijie Yu, 2023. "Change Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon and Soil Available Nutrients and Their Relationship in the Subalpine Shrub Zone of Qilian Mountains in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-17, August.
    7. Marjaneh Mousazade & Gholamabbas Ghanbarian & Hamid Reza Pourghasemi & Roja Safaeian & Artemi Cerdà, 2019. "Maxent Data Mining Technique and Its Comparison with a Bivariate Statistical Model for Predicting the Potential Distribution of Astragalus Fasciculifolius Boiss. in Fars, Iran," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-23, June.
    8. Robert B. Srygley & Jacob I. Dixon & Patrick D. Lorch, 2023. "Microclimate Refugia: Comparing Modeled to Empirical Near-Surface Temperatures on Rangeland," Geographies, MDPI, vol. 3(2), pages 1-15, May.

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