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Behavioral health needs and service use among those who've aged-out of foster care

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  • Brown, Adam
  • Courtney, Mark E.
  • Curtis McMillen, J.

Abstract

This paper is the first study to use a multi-state sample to longitudinally explore the relationship between remaining in foster care beyond age 18, behavioral health needs, and receipt of behavioral healthcare services. The study began with a sample of 732 older youth in foster care and followed them longitudinally for six years, after all had aged-out of care. Indicators of behavioral health and receipt of behavioral healthcare services were measured, as well as whether or not remaining in foster care after one's 18th birthday made a difference in receiving behavioral healthcare services. We found a high need for behavioral healthcare services in the years following their 18th birthdays and a significant drop-off in service use after exiting foster care. We also found a strong relationship between remaining in care after one's 18th birthday and receipt of behavioral healthcare services among those in need. Policy implications discussed highlight the possible role of Medicaid on young adults who have aged-out of foster care with behavioral healthcare service needs, and the potential impact of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Among the treatment implications are the need for highly effective behavioral healthcare services for older youths in foster care and the need for receipt of ongoing services upon exiting foster care.

Suggested Citation

  • Brown, Adam & Courtney, Mark E. & Curtis McMillen, J., 2015. "Behavioral health needs and service use among those who've aged-out of foster care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 163-169.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:58:y:2015:i:c:p:163-169
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.09.020
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Narendorf, Sarah Carter & McMillen, J. Curtis, 2010. "Substance use and substance use disorders as foster youth transition to adulthood," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 113-119, January.
    2. Chartier, M.J. & Walker, J.R. & Naimark, B., 2009. "Health risk behaviors and mental health problems as mediators of the relationship between childhood abuse and adult health," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 99(5), pages 847-854.
    3. Collins, Mary Elizabeth, 2004. "Enhancing services to youths leaving foster care: Analysis of recent legislation and its potential impact," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 26(11), pages 1051-1065, November.
    4. Shin, Sunny Hyucksun, 2005. "Need for and actual use of mental health service by adolescents in the child welfare system," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(10), pages 1071-1083, October.
    5. Samuels, Gina Miranda & Pryce, Julia M., 2008. ""What doesn't kill you makes you stronger": Survivalist self-reliance as resilience and risk among young adults aging out of foster care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 30(10), pages 1198-1210, October.
    6. repec:mpr:mprres:2745 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Chen, K. & Kandel, D.B., 1995. "The natural history of drug use from adolescence to the mid-thirties in a general population sample," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 85(1), pages 41-47.
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    1. Reynolds, Andrew D. & Hasson, Robert G. & Crea, Thomas M., 2018. "Testing the ‘overburdening’ hypothesis: Do work and school attendance together place youth transitioning from care at risk for negative housing outcomes?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 279-286.
    2. Duke, Taylor & Farruggia, Susan P. & Germo, Gary R., 2017. "“I don't know where I would be right now if it wasn't for them”: Emancipated foster care youth and their important non-parental adults," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 65-73.
    3. Arnau-Sabatés, Laura & Dworsky, Amy & Sala-Roca, Josefina & Courtney, Mark E., 2021. "Supporting youth transitioning from state care into adulthood in Illinois and Catalonia: Lessons from a cross-national comparison," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    4. Blakeslee, Jennifer E. & Kothari, Brianne H. & Miller, Rebecca A., 2023. "Intervention development to improve foster youth mental health by targeting coping self-efficacy and help-seeking," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    5. Blakeslee, Jennifer E. & Best, Jared I., 2019. "Understanding support network capacity during the transition from foster care: Youth-identified barriers, facilitators, and enhancement strategies," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 220-230.

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