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Peer and online victimization among Chinese adolescents: Unique direct and indirect relationships with psychological distress

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  • Ding, Ning
  • Li, Chunkai

Abstract

Research has examined the adverse effects of peer and online victimization on adolescents’ psychological distress, but little is known about the unique impact of peer and online victimization on psychological distress and the potential mechanisms underlying this association. This study investigates the distinctive direct and indirect relationship between peer victimization, online victimization, and adolescents’ psychological distress through the potential chain mediation of social anxiety and withdrawal and the moderating role of gender differences. A total of 974 students from 6 elementary and junior high schools completed the self-report questionnaire in a cross-sectional survey. This study adopts structural equation modeling to examine the hypothesized model. Results show that peer victimization directly influences adolescents’ psychological distress, with stronger effects of peer victimization than online victimization. Social anxiety and social withdrawal mediate the relationship between peer victimization, online victimization, and psychological distress. In addition, the chain mediating mechanism of social anxiety and withdrawal functions in the relationship between peer victimization, online victimization, and psychological distress. Finally, females are more vulnerable to the effect of peer victimization on adolescents’ psychological distress. The research deepens the knowledge of the unique effects of peer and online victimization, as well as the underlying mechanisms of social anxiety and withdrawal. This study also provides practical implications for policies, schools, and social workers for the prevention and intervention of victimization in adolescents and the promotion of their well-being.

Suggested Citation

  • Ding, Ning & Li, Chunkai, 2024. "Peer and online victimization among Chinese adolescents: Unique direct and indirect relationships with psychological distress," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:167:y:2024:i:c:s0190740924005619
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.107989
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Williford, Anne & Orsi, Rebecca & DePaolis, Kathryn J. & Isen, Debbie, 2018. "Cyber and traditional peer victimization: Examining unique associations with children’s internalizing difficulties," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 51-59.
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    5. Bihua Zhao & Junqiao Guo & Qingqing He & Linlin Jiang & Wenxin Hu, 2023. "School Bullying Victimization Types of Primary School Students and Associations with School Adaptation: a Latent Profile Analysis," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 16(2), pages 755-775, April.
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