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Numerical investigation of pressure and H2O dilution effects on NO formation and reduction pathways in pure hydrogen MILD combustion

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  • Xu, Shunta
  • Xi, Liyang
  • Tian, Songjie
  • Tu, Yaojie
  • Chen, Sheng
  • Zhang, Shihong
  • Liu, Hao

Abstract

Pure hydrogen moderate or intense low-oxygen dilution (MILD) combustion offers a potential solution to meet low NO emission needs while achieving rapid decarbonization for gas turbines. This paper reports a numerical investigation of the pressure (1–25 atm) and H2O dilution (0–60%vol, including its physical and chemical effects) influences on NO formation and reduction pathways in opposed-flow pure hydrogen diffusion MILD combustion, where the present NO sub-pathway analysis method is also evaluated. Results show that, the present NO sub-pathway analysis method with Glarborg2018 can respectively predict thermal NO, prompt NO, NO formed via NNH and N2O-intermediate, and NO reduced via CHi and H reburning reasonably well. In pure hydrogen MILD combustion, NO emission reaches its peak with the pressure up to about 6 atm due to more NO formed via N2O-intermediate, and then decreases as the pressure is further raised, which is mainly attributed to less NO formation via NNH and more NO reduction by H radicals, finally causing the dominant NO formation pathway to transform from NNH to N2O-intermediate at high pressure. The addition of H2O, mainly because of its chemical effect to inhibit the NNH and N2O-intermediate pathways via the channels NNH + O → NO and N2O + H/O → NO, results in further NO emission reduction. The top NO contributor is changed from NNH to N2O-intermediate with H2O dilution at atmospheric pressure, while at high pressure, NO formation is invariably dominated by the N2O-intermediate pathway even when H2O is added up to 60%vol. NO reduction, which is initiated by the channel NO+H(+M)⇌HNO(+M), behaves more actively at high pressure, constituting 21% of the total NO produced at 25 atm, while its importance is weakened with H2O dilution.

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  • Xu, Shunta & Xi, Liyang & Tian, Songjie & Tu, Yaojie & Chen, Sheng & Zhang, Shihong & Liu, Hao, 2023. "Numerical investigation of pressure and H2O dilution effects on NO formation and reduction pathways in pure hydrogen MILD combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 350(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:350:y:2023:i:c:s0306261923011005
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121736
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    References listed on IDEAS

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