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Efficient self-powered wearable electronic systems enabled by microwave processed thermoelectric materials

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  • Nozariasbmarz, Amin
  • Dycus, J. Houston
  • Cabral, Matthew J.
  • Flack, Chloe M.
  • Krasinski, Jerzy S.
  • LeBeau, James M.
  • Vashaee, Daryoosh

Abstract

The integrated body sensor networks are expected to dominate the future of healthcare, making a critical paradigm shift that will support people in the comfort and security of their own homes. Thermoelectric generators, in this regard, can play a crucial role as they can steadily generate electricity from body heat and enable self-powered wearable or implantable medical, health, and sports devices. This work provides a comprehensive analysis of the operation and the optimization of wearable thermoelectric generators under different human body conditions. Thermoelectric design principles, wearable system considerations, and a novel method to synthesize the materials specially designed for body heat harvesting are presented. The limitations of the materials and systems for wearable applications are deliberated in detail, and the feasibility of eliminating the heatsink for enhancing body comfort is examined. N-type Bi2Te3-xSex was synthesized using a novel approach based on field-induced decrystallization by microwave radiation to achieve the optimum properties. This method resulted in amorphous-crystalline nanocomposites with simultaneously large thermopower and small thermal conductivity around the body temperature. Thermoelectric generators were fabricated from the optimized materials and packaged in flexible elastomers. The devices generated up to 150% higher voltage and 600% more power on the body compared to the commercial ones and, so far, are the best in class for body heat harvesting in wearable applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Nozariasbmarz, Amin & Dycus, J. Houston & Cabral, Matthew J. & Flack, Chloe M. & Krasinski, Jerzy S. & LeBeau, James M. & Vashaee, Daryoosh, 2021. "Efficient self-powered wearable electronic systems enabled by microwave processed thermoelectric materials," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:283:y:2021:i:c:s030626192031607x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116211
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nozariasbmarz, Amin & Collins, Henry & Dsouza, Kelvin & Polash, Mobarak Hossain & Hosseini, Mahshid & Hyland, Melissa & Liu, Jie & Malhotra, Abhishek & Ortiz, Francisco Matos & Mohaddes, Farzad & Rame, 2020. "Review of wearable thermoelectric energy harvesting: From body temperature to electronic systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    2. Mohebali, Milad & Liu, Yin & Tayebi, Lobat & Krasinski, Jerzy S. & Vashaee, Daryoosh, 2015. "Thermoelectric figure of merit of bulk FeSi2–Si0.8Ge0.2 nanocomposite and a comparison with β-FeSi2," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 940-947.
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    Cited by:

    1. Cui, Y.J. & Wang, B.L. & Wang, K.F., 2021. "Energy conversion performance optimization and strength evaluation of a wearable thermoelectric generator made of a thermoelectric layer on a flexible substrate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    2. Weng, Zebin & Liu, Furong & Zhu, Wenchao & Li, Yang & Xie, Changjun & Deng, Jian & Huang, Liang, 2022. "Performance improvement of variable-angle annular thermoelectric generators considering different boundary conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PA).
    3. Yuan, Hengfeng & Qing, Shaowei & Ren, Shangkun & Rezania, Alireza & Rosendahl, Lasse & Wen, Xiankui & Zhong, Jingliang & Gou, Xiaolong & Tang, Shengli & E, Peng, 2023. "Modelling and optimization analysis of a novel hollow flexible-filler-based bulk thermoelectric generator for human body sensor," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).

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