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Food-energy-water-waste nexus systems optimization for New York State under the COVID-19 pandemic to alleviate health and environmental concerns

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  • Zhao, Ning
  • You, Fengqi

Abstract

This article addresses food-energy-water-waste nexus optimization to alleviate the public health and environmental concerns from increasing food waste generation during the COVID-19 pandemic using waste-to-energy technologies. Food waste increase has become a severe global problem during the pandemic. It could alleviate health and environmental concerns by converting the food waste into electricity and heat through food-energy-water-waste nexus systems using waste-to-energy facilities, such as anaerobic digesters and combined heat and power units in wastewater treatment plants. To design efficient nexus systems, a multi-period multi-objective optimization model is proposed, while considering various impacts of the pandemic. A case study for New York State is presented. The optimized systems show a potential of reducing the food waste disposal amounts by 38%. The Pareto-optimal solutions illustrate a clear trade-off between the objectives. The minimum total cost is $27.1 million; the optimal unit processing profit is $11.9 per ton processed food waste. Spatial analyses reveal a clear correlation between facility selections and their processing capacities. Electricity price and biogas yield are the most important factors for the economic objectives, based on sensitivity analysis.

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  • Zhao, Ning & You, Fengqi, 2021. "Food-energy-water-waste nexus systems optimization for New York State under the COVID-19 pandemic to alleviate health and environmental concerns," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(PA).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:282:y:2021:i:pa:s030626192031583x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116181
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    9. Paulina Dzimińska & Stanisław Drzewiecki & Marek Ruman & Klaudia Kosek & Karol Mikołajewski & Paweł Licznar, 2021. "The Use of Cluster Analysis to Evaluate the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Daily Water Demand Patterns," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-22, May.
    10. Misrol, Mohd Arif & Wan Alwi, Sharifah Rafidah & Lim, Jeng Shiun & Abd Manan, Zainuddin, 2021. "Optimization of energy-water-waste nexus at district level: A techno-economic approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    11. Somayeh Rezaei Kalvani & Fulvio Celico, 2024. "Analysis of Pros and Cons in Using the Water–Energy–Food Nexus Approach to Assess Resource Security: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-18, March.
    12. Radu Petrariu & Marius Constantin & Mihai Dinu & Simona Roxana Pătărlăgeanu & Mădălina Elena Deaconu, 2021. "Water, Energy, Food, Waste Nexus: Between Synergy and Trade-Offs in Romania Based on Entrepreneurship and Economic Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-23, August.
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