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Heat transfer and pressure drop of film condensation in a horizontal minitube for HFO1234yf refrigerant

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  • Lee, Yee-Ting
  • Hong, Sihui
  • Chien, Liang-Han
  • Lin, Chih-Jer
  • Yang, An-Shik

Abstract

This paper applies the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to study the condensate two-phase thermofluid characteristics of refrigerant HFO-1234yf flowing through horizontal straight and convergent passages for guiding the design of minitube heat exchangers. The theoretical analysis employs the volume-of-fluid (VOF) method to model the progression of film condensation process for determining the distributions of velocity, pressure, temperature, vapor volume fraction and film thickness for liquid-vapor interfacial flows. The Lee model is formulated as a user defined function to treat the phase change effect at the interface. The predictions of heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops agree reasonably well with the measured data from the referencing literature at the mass and heat fluxes of 200–800 kg/m2 s and 9.9–24.3 kW/m2 for validation of the computational model. The simulated results are presented to capture the complex two-phase flow behaviors during the film condensation progression, including the formation of interfacial ripples of annular films, wave-shaped films with elongated necking regions, shedding of liquid ligaments and breakup of these ligaments entrained into the vapor core. The VOF calculations also estimate the average heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop up to 11.3 kW/m2 K and 55.1 kPa at a mass flux of 800 kg/m2 s for the straight tube, showing similar thermal performance to refrigerant HFC-134a reported by open literature. The convergent passage essentially raises the average heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop because of more severe shear stresses over the film surface. The correlations of heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop are compared with CFD predictions for straight and convergent tubes. The performance assessment is thus conducted using the validated correlations to guide the redesign of minitube heat exchangers with HFO1234yf as an alternative refrigerant in various energy systems. Two design changes are presented using HFO1234yf refrigerant to enlarge the total surface area up to 13.49% in straight tubes or broaden the cooling surface area of only 6.4% in convergent tubes for matching the performance of R134a.

Suggested Citation

  • Lee, Yee-Ting & Hong, Sihui & Chien, Liang-Han & Lin, Chih-Jer & Yang, An-Shik, 2020. "Heat transfer and pressure drop of film condensation in a horizontal minitube for HFO1234yf refrigerant," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:274:y:2020:i:c:s0306261920306954
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115183
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yang, Sheng & Qian, Yu & Wang, Yifan & Yang, Siyu, 2017. "A novel cascade absorption heat transformer process using low grade waste heat and its application to coal to synthetic natural gas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 42-52.
    2. Li, Huashan & Cao, Fei & Bu, Xianbiao & Wang, Lingbao & Wang, Xianlong, 2014. "Performance characteristics of R1234yf ejector-expansion refrigeration cycle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 96-103.
    3. Yang, Sheng & Yang, Siyu & Wang, Yifan & Qian, Yu, 2017. "Low grade waste heat recovery with a novel cascade absorption heat transformer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 461-472.
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    1. Jiangchuan Yu & Sihui Hong & Sasaki Koudai & Chaobin Dang & Shuangfeng Wang, 2023. "An Experimental Investigation on the Heat Transfer Characteristics of Pulsating Heat Pipe with Adaptive Structured Channels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-18, October.
    2. Zehan Cao & Hao Zhang & Haohan Mei & Gang Yan & Wenxiao Chu & Qiuwang Wang, 2022. "Numerical Study on R32 Flow Condensation in Horizontally Oriented Tubes with U-Bends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-21, June.

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