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Full characterization of compounds obtained from fractional distillation and upgrading of a HTL biocrude

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  • Pedersen, T.H.
  • Jensen, C.U.
  • Sandström, L.
  • Rosendahl, L.A.

Abstract

Biocrude from hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass provides a sustainable source from which to produce chemicals and fuels. However, just as for fossil crude, the chemical complexity of the biocrude impedes the characterization and hence identification of market potentials for both biocrude and individual fractions. Here, we reveal how fractional distillation of a biocrude can leverage biocrude characterization beyond state-of-the-art and uncover the full biocrude potential. By distillation combined with detailed individual analysis of the distillate fractions and distillation residue, more than 85% of the total biocrude composition is determined. It is demonstrated that a total mass fraction of 48.2% of the biocrude is volatile below 350°C, comprising mainly value-added marketable ketones, oxygenated aromatics and prospective liquid fuel candidates, which are easily fractionated according to boiling points. Novel, high resolution pyr-GCxGC-MS analysis of the residue indicates a high molecular weight aromatic structure, valuable for bio-materials production or for further processing into fuels. The distillate fractions are mildly hydrotreated to show the fuel and chemical precursor potential of the volatile components. This results in the formation of mainly hydrocarbons and added-value phenolics. This work takes a significant step by going beyond the biocrude as an intermediate bulk energy product and addressing actual applications and pathways to these.

Suggested Citation

  • Pedersen, T.H. & Jensen, C.U. & Sandström, L. & Rosendahl, L.A., 2017. "Full characterization of compounds obtained from fractional distillation and upgrading of a HTL biocrude," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 408-419.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:202:y:2017:i:c:p:408-419
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.167
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    1. Pedersen, T.H. & Grigoras, I.F. & Hoffmann, J. & Toor, S.S. & Daraban, I.M. & Jensen, C.U. & Iversen, S.B. & Madsen, R.B. & Glasius, M. & Arturi, K.R. & Nielsen, R.P. & Søgaard, E.G. & Rosendahl, L.A., 2016. "Continuous hydrothermal co-liquefaction of aspen wood and glycerol with water phase recirculation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1034-1041.
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    1. Taghipour, Alireza & Ramirez, Jerome A. & Brown, Richard J. & Rainey, Thomas J., 2019. "A review of fractional distillation to improve hydrothermal liquefaction biocrude characteristics; future outlook and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    2. Prestigiacomo, Claudia & Laudicina, Vito Armando & Siragusa, Angelo & Scialdone, Onofrio & Galia, Alessandro, 2020. "Hydrothermal liquefaction of waste biomass in stirred reactors: One step forward to the integral valorization of municipal sludge," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
    3. Castello, Daniele & Haider, Muhammad Salman & Rosendahl, Lasse Aistrup, 2019. "Catalytic upgrading of hydrothermal liquefaction biocrudes: Different challenges for different feedstocks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 420-430.
    4. Liu, Fang-Jing & Gasem, Khaled A.M. & Tang, Mingchen & Xu, Bang & Huang, Zaixing & Zhang, Riguang & Fan, Maohong, 2020. "Enhanced liquid tar production as fuels/chemicals from Powder River Basin coal through CaO catalyzed stepwise degradation in eco-friendly supercritical CO2/ethanol," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    5. Daniele Castello & Thomas Helmer Pedersen & Lasse Aistrup Rosendahl, 2018. "Continuous Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-35, November.
    6. Muhammad Salman Haider & Daniele Castello & Karol Michal Michalski & Thomas Helmer Pedersen & Lasse Aistrup Rosendahl, 2018. "Catalytic Hydrotreatment of Microalgae Biocrude from Continuous Hydrothermal Liquefaction: Heteroatom Removal and Their Distribution in Distillation Cuts," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-14, December.
    7. Lozano, E.M. & Pedersen, T.H. & Rosendahl, L.A., 2020. "Integration of hydrothermal liquefaction and carbon capture and storage for the production of advanced liquid biofuels with negative CO2 emissions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    8. Nikolaos Montesantos & Marco Maschietti, 2020. "Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Lignocellulosic Bio-Oils: The Potential of Fuel Upgrading and Chemical Recovery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-35, April.
    9. Lozano, E.M. & Pedersen, T.H. & Rosendahl, L.A., 2019. "Modeling of thermochemically liquefied biomass products and heat of formation for process energy assessment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    10. Konstantinos Anastasakis & Patrick Biller & René B. Madsen & Marianne Glasius & Ib Johannsen, 2018. "Continuous Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass in a Novel Pilot Plant with Heat Recovery and Hydraulic Oscillation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-23, October.
    11. Ankit Mathanker & Snehlata Das & Deepak Pudasainee & Monir Khan & Amit Kumar & Rajender Gupta, 2021. "A Review of Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass for Biofuels Production with a Special Focus on the Effect of Process Parameters, Co-Solvents, and Extraction Solvents," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-60, August.

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